Domain Name System (DNS)

Log audit Domain Name System (DNS) di Google Distributed Cloud (GDC) dengan air gap mencatat update zona CoreDNS beserta peristiwa pembuatan ManagedDNSZone dan ResourceRecordSet. Dokumen ini mencantumkan operasi yang diaudit, kolom metadata, dan contoh payload JSON dari log audit Kubernetes untuk workload root dan organisasi.

Lokasi workload

Workload root dan organisasi
Sumber log audit

Log audit Kubernetes
Operasi yang diaudit

Memperbarui zona

Kolom dalam entri log yang berisi informasi audit
Metadata audit Nama kolom audit Nilai
Identitas pengguna atau layanan user.username

Misalnya,

"user":{
  "username": "dns@example.com"
  }

Target

(Kolom dan nilai yang memanggil API)

 requestURI

"requestURI":"/api/v1/namespaces/dns-system/configmaps/gpc-coredns-external-zonefile"

Tindakan

(Kolom yang berisi operasi yang dilakukan)

 verb

"verb":"update"

Stempel waktu peristiwa ts

Misalnya,

"ts":2022-11-11T22:02:02.074Z

Sumber tindakan sourceIPs

Misalnya,

"sourceIPs":["10.142.5.147"]
Hasil responseStatus.code

Misalnya,

"responseStatus":{
  "code":200
  }
Kolom lain
  • annotations
  • objectRef

Misalnya,

"annotations":{
  "authorization.k8s.io/decision":"allow"
  },
"objectRef":{
  "resourceVersion":"697063",
  "uid":"aed2e6f7-ca03-4bcd-9c07-167ccd4da88e",
  "apiVersion":"v1",
  "resource":"configmaps",
  "apiGroup":"UNKNOWN",
  "namespace":"dns-system",
  "name":"gpc-coredns-external-zonefile"
    }

Contoh log

{
  "_gdch_cluster":"root-admin",
  "_gdch_fluentbit_pod":"anthos-audit-logs-forwarder-7s769",
  "_gdch_service_name":"apiserver",
  "annotations":{
    "authorization.k8s.io/decision":"allow",
    "authorization.k8s.io/reason": "RBAC: allowed by ClusterRoleBinding \"dns-core-controllers-rolebinding\" of ClusterRole \"dns-core-controllers-role\" to ServiceAccount \"dns-core-controller-sa/dns-system\"",
    },
  "apiVersion":"audit.k8s.io/v1",
  "auditID":"ba0344d7-283f-4d79-aabc-e083al9b053a",
  "kind":"Event",
  "level":"Metadata",
  "objectRef":{
    "resourceVersion":"697063",
    "uid":"aed2e6f7-ca03-4bcd-9c07-167ccd4da88e",
    "apiVersion":"v1",
    "resource":"configmaps",
    "apiGroup":"UNKNOWN",
    "namespace":"dns-system",
    "name":"gpc-coredns-external-zonefile"
    },
  "requestReceivedTimestamp":"2022-11-11T22:02:02.034688Z",
  "requestURI":"/api/v1/namespaces/dns-system/configmaps/gpc-coredns-external-zonefile",
  "responseStatus":{
    "metadata":{},
    "code":200
    },
  "sourceIPs":["10.142.5.147"],
  "stage":"ResponseComplete",
  "stageTimestamp":"2022-11-11T22:02:02.045045Z",
  "ts":2022-11-11T22:02:02.074Z,
  "tsNs":1668204122074601081,
  "user":{
    "uid":"08f727c9-5e3d-403f-bf35-06ef53f9832c",
    "groups":[
      "system:serviceaccounts",
      "system:serviceaccounts:dns-system",
      "system:authenticated"
      ],
    "username": "system:serviceaccount:dns-system:dns-core-controller-sa",
    "extra": {
      "authentication.kubernetes.io/pod-name":["dns-core-controller-58c4646858-z8kmr"],
      "authentication.kubernetes.io/pod-uid":["7cfc9b72-aacc-4e86-b43f-016498055230"]
      }
    },
  "userAgent":"controller-manager/v0.0.0 (linux/amd64) kubernetes/$Format",
  "verb":"update"
}

Membuat ManagedDNSZone

Kolom dalam entri log yang berisi informasi audit
Metadata audit Nama kolom audit Nilai
Identitas pengguna atau layanan user.username

Misalnya,

"user":{
  "username": "system:bootstrap:xqk4xc"
  }

Target

(Kolom dan nilai yang memanggil API)

 requestURI

"requestURI":"/apis/networking.global.gdc.goog/v1/namespaces/cloud-dns-2/manageddnszones?fieldManager=kubectl-create&fieldValidation=Strict"

Tindakan

(Kolom yang berisi operasi yang dilakukan)

 verb

"verb":"create"

Stempel waktu peristiwa requestReceivedTimestamp

Misalnya,

"requestReceivedTimestamp":"2026-05-08T09:51:45.320229Z"

Sumber tindakan sourceIPs

Misalnya,

"sourceIPs":["10.200.0.1","10.0.138.150"]
Hasil responseStatus.code

Misalnya,

"responseStatus":{
  "code":201
  }
Kolom lain
  • annotations
  • objectRef

Misalnya,

"annotations":{
  "authorization.k8s.io/decision":"allow",
  "authorization.k8s.io/reason":"RBAC: allowed by ClusterRoleBinding \"e2e-test\" of ClusterRole \"cluster-admin\" to Group \"system:bootstrappers:gce-e2e\"",
  "mutation.webhook.admission.k8s.io/round_0_index_1":"{\"configuration\":\"gatekeeper-mutating-webhook-configuration\",\"webhook\":\"mutation.gatekeeper.sh\",\"mutated\":false}"
  },
"objectRef":{
  "apiGroup":"networking.global.gdc.goog",
  "apiVersion":"v1",
  "name":"public-cf-zone-1",
  "namespace":"cloud-dns-2",
  "resource":"manageddnszones"
    }

Contoh log

{
  "_gdch_cluster": "org-1-admin",
  "_gdch_component": "user_kubectl",
  "_gdch_fluentbit_pod": "anthos-audit-logs-forwarder-ttpfw",
  "_gdch_org_id": "org-1.zone1.google.gdch.test",
  "_gdch_org_name": "org-1",
  "_gdch_zone_id": "zone1",
  "annotations": {
    "authorization.k8s.io/decision": "allow",
    "authorization.k8s.io/reason": "RBAC: allowed by ClusterRoleBinding \"e2e-test\" of ClusterRole \"cluster-admin\" to Group \"system:bootstrappers:gce-e2e\"",
    "mutation.webhook.admission.k8s.io/round_0_index_1": "{\"configuration\":\"gatekeeper-mutating-webhook-configuration\",\"webhook\":\"mutation.gatekeeper.sh\",\"mutated\":false}"
  },
  "apiVersion": "audit.k8s.io/v1",
  "auditID": "3de6821e-4e40-4bbc-9c9c-285c59ddaa19",
  "kind": "Event",
  "level": "Request",
  "objectRef": {
    "apiGroup": "networking.global.gdc.goog",
    "apiVersion": "v1",
    "name": "public-cf-zone-1",
    "namespace": "cloud-dns-2",
    "resource": "manageddnszones"
  },
  "requestObject": {
    "apiVersion": "networking.global.gdc.goog/v1",
    "kind": "ManagedDNSZone",
    "metadata": {
      "creationTimestamp": null,
      "name": "public-cf-zone-1",
      "namespace": "cloud-dns-2"
    },
    "spec": {
      "description": "Public DNS zone for Cloud Foundry",
      "dnsName": "cf1.dns2",
      "visibility": "PUBLIC"
    }
  },
  "requestReceivedTimestamp": "2026-05-08T09:51:45.320229Z",
  "requestURI": "/apis/networking.global.gdc.goog/v1/namespaces/cloud-dns-2/manageddnszones?fieldManager=kubectl-create&fieldValidation=Strict",
  "responseStatus": {
    "code": 201,
    "metadata": {}
  },
  "sourceIPs": [
    "10.200.0.1",
    "10.0.138.150"
  ],
  "stage": "ResponseComplete",
  "stageTimestamp": "2026-05-08T09:51:45.528379Z",
  "user": {
    "groups": [
      "system:bootstrappers",
      "system:bootstrappers:gce-e2e",
      "system:authenticated"
    ],
    "username": "system:bootstrap:xqk4xc"
  },
  "userAgent": "kubectl/v1.28.3 (linux/amd64) kubernetes/a8a1abc",
  "verb": "create"
}

Membuat ResourceRecordSet

Kolom dalam entri log yang berisi informasi audit
Metadata audit Nama kolom audit Nilai
Identitas pengguna atau layanan user.username

Misalnya,

"user":{
  "username": "system:serviceaccount:dns-system:dns-prober-sa"
  }

Target

(Kolom dan nilai yang memanggil API)

 requestURI

"requestURI":"/apis/networking.global.gdc.goog/v1/namespaces/dns-system/resourcerecordsets"

Tindakan

(Kolom yang berisi operasi yang dilakukan)

 verb

"verb":"create"

Stempel waktu peristiwa requestReceivedTimestamp

Misalnya,

"requestReceivedTimestamp":"2026-05-08T08:48:30.748194Z"

Sumber tindakan sourceIPs

Misalnya,

"sourceIPs":["10.0.130.26","10.0.136.209"]
Hasil responseStatus.code

Misalnya,

"responseStatus":{
  "code":201
  }
Kolom lain
  • annotations
  • objectRef

Misalnya,

"annotations":{
  "authorization.k8s.io/decision":"allow",
  "authorization.k8s.io/reason":"RBAC: allowed by RoleBinding \"dns-prober-global-prober-rolebinding/dns-system\" of Role \"dns-prober-global-prober-role\" to ServiceAccount \"dns-prober-sa/dns-system\"",
  "mutation.webhook.admission.k8s.io/round_0_index_0":"{\"configuration\":\"dns-managed-dns-v1-mutation\",\"webhook\":\"resourcerecordsets.networking.global.gdc.goog\",\"mutated\":true}",
  "mutation.webhook.admission.k8s.io/round_0_index_1":"{\"configuration\":\"gatekeeper-mutating-webhook-configuration\",\"webhook\":\"mutation.gatekeeper.sh\",\"mutated\":false}",
  "patch.webhook.admission.k8s.io/round_0_index_0":"{\"configuration\":\"dns-managed-dns-v1-mutation\",\"webhook\":\"resourcerecordsets.networking.global.gdc.goog\",\"patch\":[{\"op\":\"add\",\"path\":\"/metadata/creationTimestamp\",\"value\":null},{\"op\":\"add\",\"path\":\"/metadata/labels\",\"value\":{\"clouddns.private.gdc.goog/dnszone\":\"test.prober.private\"}},{\"op\":\"add\",\"path\":\"/metadata/annotations\",\"value\":{\"clouddns.private.gdc.goog/token\":\"synpi4vyatjbdwy2-a-pri\"}}],\"patchType\":\"JSONPatch\"}"
  },
"objectRef":{
  "apiGroup":"networking.global.gdc.goog",
  "apiVersion":"v1",
  "name":"prober-test-rrs-zone1-private",
  "namespace":"dns-system",
  "resource":"resourcerecordsets"
    }

Contoh log

{
  "_gdch_cluster": "org-1-admin",
  "_gdch_component": "dns",
  "_gdch_fluentbit_pod": "anthos-audit-logs-forwarder-ggwr5",
  "_gdch_org_id": "org-1.zone1.google.gdch.test",
  "_gdch_org_name": "org-1",
  "_gdch_zone_id": "zone1",
  "annotations": {
    "authorization.k8s.io/decision": "allow",
    "authorization.k8s.io/reason": "RBAC: allowed by RoleBinding \"dns-prober-global-prober-rolebinding/dns-system\" of Role \"dns-prober-global-prober-role\" to ServiceAccount \"dns-prober-sa/dns-system\"",
    "mutation.webhook.admission.k8s.io/round_0_index_0": "{\"configuration\":\"dns-managed-dns-v1-mutation\",\"webhook\":\"resourcerecordsets.networking.global.gdc.goog\",\"mutated\":true}",
    "mutation.webhook.admission.k8s.io/round_0_index_1": "{\"configuration\":\"gatekeeper-mutating-webhook-configuration\",\"webhook\":\"mutation.gatekeeper.sh\",\"mutated\":false}",
    "patch.webhook.admission.k8s.io/round_0_index_0": "{\"configuration\":\"dns-managed-dns-v1-mutation\",\"webhook\":\"resourcerecordsets.networking.global.gdc.goog\",\"patch\":[{\"op\":\"add\",\"path\":\"/metadata/creationTimestamp\",\"value\":null},{\"op\":\"add\",\"path\":\"/metadata/labels\",\"value\":{\"clouddns.private.gdc.goog/dnszone\":\"test.prober.private\"}},{\"op\":\"add\",\"path\":\"/metadata/annotations\",\"value\":{\"clouddns.private.gdc.goog/token\":\"synpi4vyatjbdwy2-a-pri\"}}],\"patchType\":\"JSONPatch\"}"
  },
  "apiVersion": "audit.k8s.io/v1",
  "auditID": "12851275-a785-41fa-8e2b-8469bd9d1f65",
  "kind": "Event",
  "level": "Request",
  "objectRef": {
    "apiGroup": "networking.global.gdc.goog",
    "apiVersion": "v1",
    "name": "prober-test-rrs-zone1-private",
    "namespace": "dns-system",
    "resource": "resourcerecordsets"
  },
  "requestObject": {
    "apiVersion": "networking.global.gdc.goog/v1",
    "kind": "ResourceRecordSet",
    "metadata": {
      "creationTimestamp": null,
      "name": "prober-test-rrs-zone1-private",
      "namespace": "dns-system"
    },
    "spec": {
      "dnsZone": "prober-test-managed-dns-private",
      "name": "prober-test-rrs-zone1-private.test.prober.private",
      "rrData": [
        "192.168.100.100"
      ],
      "ttlSeconds": 30,
      "type": "A"
    },
    "status": {
      "rollout": {
        "strategy": {
          "type": ""
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "requestReceivedTimestamp": "2026-05-08T08:48:30.748194Z",
  "requestURI": "/apis/networking.global.gdc.goog/v1/namespaces/dns-system/resourcerecordsets",
  "responseStatus": {
    "code": 201,
    "metadata": {}
  },
  "sourceIPs": [
    "10.0.130.26",
    "10.0.136.209"
  ],
  "stage": "ResponseComplete",
  "stageTimestamp": "2026-05-08T08:48:30.964607Z",
  "user": {
    "extra": {
      "__AIS_token_issuer_zone": [
        "zone1"
      ]
    },
    "groups": [
      "system:authenticated"
    ],
    "username": "system:serviceaccount:dns-system:dns-prober-sa"
  },
  "userAgent": "prober/v0.0.0 (linux/amd64) kubernetes/$Format",
  "verb": "create"
}