Domain Name System (DNS)

Workload location

Root and organization workloads
Audit log source

Kubernetes audit logs
Audited operations

Update a zone

Fields in the log entry that contain audit information
Audit metadata Audit field name Value
User or service identity user.username

For example,

"user":{
  "username": "dns@example.com"
  }

Target

(Fields and values that call the API)

 requestURI

"requestURI":"/api/v1/namespaces/dns-system/configmaps/gpc-coredns-external-zonefile"

Action

(Fields containing the performed operation)

 verb

"verb":"update"

Event timestamp ts

For example,

"ts":2022-11-11T22:02:02.074Z

Source of action sourceIPs

For example,

"sourceIPs":["10.142.5.147"]
Outcome responseStatus.code

For example,

"responseStatus":{
  "code":200
  }

Other fields
  • annotations
  • objectRef

For example,

"annotations":{
  "authorization.k8s.io/decision":"allow"
  },
"objectRef":{
  "resourceVersion":"697063",
  "uid":"aed2e6f7-ca03-4bcd-9c07-167ccd4da88e",
  "apiVersion":"v1",
  "resource":"configmaps",
  "apiGroup":"UNKNOWN",
  "namespace":"dns-system",
  "name":"gpc-coredns-external-zonefile"
    }

Example log

{
  "_gdch_cluster":"root-admin",
  "_gdch_fluentbit_pod":"anthos-audit-logs-forwarder-7s769",
  "_gdch_service_name":"apiserver",
  "annotations":{
    "authorization.k8s.io/decision":"allow",
    "authorization.k8s.io/reason": "RBAC: allowed by ClusterRoleBinding \"dns-core-controllers-rolebinding\" of ClusterRole \"dns-core-controllers-role\" to ServiceAccount \"dns-core-controller-sa/dns-system\"",
    },
  "apiVersion":"audit.k8s.io/v1",
  "auditID":"ba0344d7-283f-4d79-aabc-e083al9b053a",
  "kind":"Event",
  "level":"Metadata",
  "objectRef":{
    "resourceVersion":"697063",
    "uid":"aed2e6f7-ca03-4bcd-9c07-167ccd4da88e",
    "apiVersion":"v1",
    "resource":"configmaps",
    "apiGroup":"UNKNOWN",
    "namespace":"dns-system",
    "name":"gpc-coredns-external-zonefile"
    },
  "requestReceivedTimestamp":"2022-11-11T22:02:02.034688Z",
  "requestURI":"/api/v1/namespaces/dns-system/configmaps/gpc-coredns-external-zonefile",
  "responseStatus":{
    "metadata":{},
    "code":200
    },
  "sourceIPs":["10.142.5.147"],
  "stage":"ResponseComplete",
  "stageTimestamp":"2022-11-11T22:02:02.045045Z",
  "ts":2022-11-11T22:02:02.074Z,
  "tsNs":1668204122074601081,
  "user":{
    "uid":"08f727c9-5e3d-403f-bf35-06ef53f9832c",
    "groups":[
      "system:serviceaccounts",
      "system:serviceaccounts:dns-system",
      "system:authenticated"
      ],
    "username": "system:serviceaccount:dns-system:dns-core-controller-sa",
    "extra": {
      "authentication.kubernetes.io/pod-name":["dns-core-controller-58c4646858-z8kmr"],
      "authentication.kubernetes.io/pod-uid":["7cfc9b72-aacc-4e86-b43f-016498055230"]
      }
    },
  "userAgent":"controller-manager/v0.0.0 (linux/amd64) kubernetes/$Format",
  "verb":"update"
}

Create a ManagedDNSZone

Fields in the log entry that contain audit information
Audit metadata Audit field name Value
User or service identity user.username

For example,

"user":{
  "username": "system:bootstrap:xqk4xc"
  }

Target

(Fields and values that call the API)

 requestURI

"requestURI":"/apis/networking.global.gdc.goog/v1/namespaces/cloud-dns-2/manageddnszones?fieldManager=kubectl-create&fieldValidation=Strict"

Action

(Fields containing the performed operation)

 verb

"verb":"create"

Event timestamp requestReceivedTimestamp

For example,

"requestReceivedTimestamp":"2026-05-08T09:51:45.320229Z"

Source of action sourceIPs

For example,

"sourceIPs":["10.200.0.1","10.0.138.150"]
Outcome responseStatus.code

For example,

"responseStatus":{
  "code":201
  }

Other fields
  • annotations
  • objectRef

For example,

"annotations":{
  "authorization.k8s.io/decision":"allow",
  "authorization.k8s.io/reason":"RBAC: allowed by ClusterRoleBinding \"e2e-test\" of ClusterRole \"cluster-admin\" to Group \"system:bootstrappers:gce-e2e\"",
  "mutation.webhook.admission.k8s.io/round_0_index_1":"{\"configuration\":\"gatekeeper-mutating-webhook-configuration\",\"webhook\":\"mutation.gatekeeper.sh\",\"mutated\":false}"
  },
"objectRef":{
  "apiGroup":"networking.global.gdc.goog",
  "apiVersion":"v1",
  "name":"public-cf-zone-1",
  "namespace":"cloud-dns-2",
  "resource":"manageddnszones"
    }

Example log

{
  "_gdch_cluster": "org-1-admin",
  "_gdch_component": "user_kubectl",
  "_gdch_fluentbit_pod": "anthos-audit-logs-forwarder-ttpfw",
  "_gdch_org_id": "org-1.zone1.google.gdch.test",
  "_gdch_org_name": "org-1",
  "_gdch_zone_id": "zone1",
  "annotations": {
    "authorization.k8s.io/decision": "allow",
    "authorization.k8s.io/reason": "RBAC: allowed by ClusterRoleBinding \"e2e-test\" of ClusterRole \"cluster-admin\" to Group \"system:bootstrappers:gce-e2e\"",
    "mutation.webhook.admission.k8s.io/round_0_index_1": "{\"configuration\":\"gatekeeper-mutating-webhook-configuration\",\"webhook\":\"mutation.gatekeeper.sh\",\"mutated\":false}"
  },
  "apiVersion": "audit.k8s.io/v1",
  "auditID": "3de6821e-4e40-4bbc-9c9c-285c59ddaa19",
  "kind": "Event",
  "level": "Request",
  "objectRef": {
    "apiGroup": "networking.global.gdc.goog",
    "apiVersion": "v1",
    "name": "public-cf-zone-1",
    "namespace": "cloud-dns-2",
    "resource": "manageddnszones"
  },
  "requestObject": {
    "apiVersion": "networking.global.gdc.goog/v1",
    "kind": "ManagedDNSZone",
    "metadata": {
      "creationTimestamp": null,
      "name": "public-cf-zone-1",
      "namespace": "cloud-dns-2"
    },
    "spec": {
      "description": "Public DNS zone for Cloud Foundry",
      "dnsName": "cf1.dns2",
      "visibility": "PUBLIC"
    }
  },
  "requestReceivedTimestamp": "2026-05-08T09:51:45.320229Z",
  "requestURI": "/apis/networking.global.gdc.goog/v1/namespaces/cloud-dns-2/manageddnszones?fieldManager=kubectl-create&fieldValidation=Strict",
  "responseStatus": {
    "code": 201,
    "metadata": {}
  },
  "sourceIPs": [
    "10.200.0.1",
    "10.0.138.150"
  ],
  "stage": "ResponseComplete",
  "stageTimestamp": "2026-05-08T09:51:45.528379Z",
  "user": {
    "groups": [
      "system:bootstrappers",
      "system:bootstrappers:gce-e2e",
      "system:authenticated"
    ],
    "username": "system:bootstrap:xqk4xc"
  },
  "userAgent": "kubectl/v1.28.3 (linux/amd64) kubernetes/a8a1abc",
  "verb": "create"
}

Create a ResourceRecordSet

Fields in the log entry that contain audit information
Audit metadata Audit field name Value
User or service identity user.username

For example,

"user":{
  "username": "system:serviceaccount:dns-system:dns-prober-sa"
  }

Target

(Fields and values that call the API)

 requestURI

"requestURI":"/apis/networking.global.gdc.goog/v1/namespaces/dns-system/resourcerecordsets"

Action

(Fields containing the performed operation)

 verb

"verb":"create"

Event timestamp requestReceivedTimestamp

For example,

"requestReceivedTimestamp":"2026-05-08T08:48:30.748194Z"

Source of action sourceIPs

For example,

"sourceIPs":["10.0.130.26","10.0.136.209"]
Outcome responseStatus.code

For example,

"responseStatus":{
  "code":201
  }

Other fields
  • annotations
  • objectRef

For example,

"annotations":{
  "authorization.k8s.io/decision":"allow",
  "authorization.k8s.io/reason":"RBAC: allowed by RoleBinding \"dns-prober-global-prober-rolebinding/dns-system\" of Role \"dns-prober-global-prober-role\" to ServiceAccount \"dns-prober-sa/dns-system\"",
  "mutation.webhook.admission.k8s.io/round_0_index_0":"{\"configuration\":\"dns-managed-dns-v1-mutation\",\"webhook\":\"resourcerecordsets.networking.global.gdc.goog\",\"mutated\":true}",
  "mutation.webhook.admission.k8s.io/round_0_index_1":"{\"configuration\":\"gatekeeper-mutating-webhook-configuration\",\"webhook\":\"mutation.gatekeeper.sh\",\"mutated\":false}",
  "patch.webhook.admission.k8s.io/round_0_index_0":"{\"configuration\":\"dns-managed-dns-v1-mutation\",\"webhook\":\"resourcerecordsets.networking.global.gdc.goog\",\"patch\":[{\"op\":\"add\",\"path\":\"/metadata/creationTimestamp\",\"value\":null},{\"op\":\"add\",\"path\":\"/metadata/labels\",\"value\":{\"clouddns.private.gdc.goog/dnszone\":\"test.prober.private\"}},{\"op\":\"add\",\"path\":\"/metadata/annotations\",\"value\":{\"clouddns.private.gdc.goog/token\":\"synpi4vyatjbdwy2-a-pri\"}}],\"patchType\":\"JSONPatch\"}"
  },
"objectRef":{
  "apiGroup":"networking.global.gdc.goog",
  "apiVersion":"v1",
  "name":"prober-test-rrs-zone1-private",
  "namespace":"dns-system",
  "resource":"resourcerecordsets"
    }

Example log

{
  "_gdch_cluster": "org-1-admin",
  "_gdch_component": "dns",
  "_gdch_fluentbit_pod": "anthos-audit-logs-forwarder-ggwr5",
  "_gdch_org_id": "org-1.zone1.google.gdch.test",
  "_gdch_org_name": "org-1",
  "_gdch_zone_id": "zone1",
  "annotations": {
    "authorization.k8s.io/decision": "allow",
    "authorization.k8s.io/reason": "RBAC: allowed by RoleBinding \"dns-prober-global-prober-rolebinding/dns-system\" of Role \"dns-prober-global-prober-role\" to ServiceAccount \"dns-prober-sa/dns-system\"",
    "mutation.webhook.admission.k8s.io/round_0_index_0": "{\"configuration\":\"dns-managed-dns-v1-mutation\",\"webhook\":\"resourcerecordsets.networking.global.gdc.goog\",\"mutated\":true}",
    "mutation.webhook.admission.k8s.io/round_0_index_1": "{\"configuration\":\"gatekeeper-mutating-webhook-configuration\",\"webhook\":\"mutation.gatekeeper.sh\",\"mutated\":false}",
    "patch.webhook.admission.k8s.io/round_0_index_0": "{\"configuration\":\"dns-managed-dns-v1-mutation\",\"webhook\":\"resourcerecordsets.networking.global.gdc.goog\",\"patch\":[{\"op\":\"add\",\"path\":\"/metadata/creationTimestamp\",\"value\":null},{\"op\":\"add\",\"path\":\"/metadata/labels\",\"value\":{\"clouddns.private.gdc.goog/dnszone\":\"test.prober.private\"}},{\"op\":\"add\",\"path\":\"/metadata/annotations\",\"value\":{\"clouddns.private.gdc.goog/token\":\"synpi4vyatjbdwy2-a-pri\"}}],\"patchType\":\"JSONPatch\"}"
  },
  "apiVersion": "audit.k8s.io/v1",
  "auditID": "12851275-a785-41fa-8e2b-8469bd9d1f65",
  "kind": "Event",
  "level": "Request",
  "objectRef": {
    "apiGroup": "networking.global.gdc.goog",
    "apiVersion": "v1",
    "name": "prober-test-rrs-zone1-private",
    "namespace": "dns-system",
    "resource": "resourcerecordsets"
  },
  "requestObject": {
    "apiVersion": "networking.global.gdc.goog/v1",
    "kind": "ResourceRecordSet",
    "metadata": {
      "creationTimestamp": null,
      "name": "prober-test-rrs-zone1-private",
      "namespace": "dns-system"
    },
    "spec": {
      "dnsZone": "prober-test-managed-dns-private",
      "name": "prober-test-rrs-zone1-private.test.prober.private",
      "rrData": [
        "192.168.100.100"
      ],
      "ttlSeconds": 30,
      "type": "A"
    },
    "status": {
      "rollout": {
        "strategy": {
          "type": ""
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "requestReceivedTimestamp": "2026-05-08T08:48:30.748194Z",
  "requestURI": "/apis/networking.global.gdc.goog/v1/namespaces/dns-system/resourcerecordsets",
  "responseStatus": {
    "code": 201,
    "metadata": {}
  },
  "sourceIPs": [
    "10.0.130.26",
    "10.0.136.209"
  ],
  "stage": "ResponseComplete",
  "stageTimestamp": "2026-05-08T08:48:30.964607Z",
  "user": {
    "extra": {
      "__AIS_token_issuer_zone": [
        "zone1"
      ]
    },
    "groups": [
      "system:authenticated"
    ],
    "username": "system:serviceaccount:dns-system:dns-prober-sa"
  },
  "userAgent": "prober/v0.0.0 (linux/amd64) kubernetes/$Format",
  "verb": "create"
}