使用 Cloud Storage FUSE 掛接 Cloud Storage bucket

瞭解如何使用 Cloud Storage FUSE 將 Cloud Storage bucket 掛接為本機檔案系統，以便使用標準檔案系統語意與物件互動。

在本快速入門導覽課程中，您將完成下列工作：

  • 在 Debian 或 Ubuntu 上安裝 Cloud Storage FUSE

  • 將 bucket 掛接為機器上的資料夾

  • 將物件上傳至 bucket

您將使用 Google Cloud CLI 建立及管理儲存空間 bucket 中的物件，並使用 Cloud Storage FUSE CLI 將 bucket 掛接至機器。

事前準備

如要設定專案，請完成下列步驟：

  1. 登入 Google Cloud 帳戶。如果您是 Google Cloud新手，歡迎 建立帳戶，親自體驗產品的實際應用成效。新客戶還能獲得價值 $300 美元的免費抵免額，用於執行、測試及部署工作負載。

  2. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, click Create project to begin creating a new Google Cloud project.

    Roles required to create a project

    To create a project, you need the Project Creator role (roles/resourcemanager.projectCreator), which contains the resourcemanager.projects.create permission. Learn how to grant roles.

    Go to project selector

  3. Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

  4. Make sure that you have the following role or roles on the project: Storage Admin (roles/storage.admin), Storage Bucket Viewer (roles/storage.bucketViewer)

    Check for the roles

    1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the IAM page.

      Go to IAM
    2. Select the project.

    3. In the Principal column, find all rows that identify you or a group that you're included in. To learn which groups you're included in, contact your administrator.

    4. For all rows that specify or include you, check the Role column to see whether the list of roles includes the required roles.

    Grant the roles

    1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the IAM page.

      Go to IAM
    2. Select the project.
    3. Click Grant access.

    4. In the New principals field, enter your user identifier. This is typically the email address for a Google Account.

    5. Click Select a role, then search for the role.
    6. To grant additional roles, click Add another role and add each additional role.
    7. Click Save.

  5. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  6. If you're using an external identity provider (IdP), you must first sign in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.

  7. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command: 

    gcloud init

  8. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, click Create project to begin creating a new Google Cloud project.

    Roles required to create a project

    To create a project, you need the Project Creator role (roles/resourcemanager.projectCreator), which contains the resourcemanager.projects.create permission. Learn how to grant roles.

    Go to project selector

  9. Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

  10. Make sure that you have the following role or roles on the project: Storage Admin (roles/storage.admin), Storage Bucket Viewer (roles/storage.bucketViewer)

    Check for the roles

    1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the IAM page.

      Go to IAM
    2. Select the project.

    3. In the Principal column, find all rows that identify you or a group that you're included in. To learn which groups you're included in, contact your administrator.

    4. For all rows that specify or include you, check the Role column to see whether the list of roles includes the required roles.

    Grant the roles

    1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the IAM page.

      Go to IAM
    2. Select the project.
    3. Click Grant access.

    4. In the New principals field, enter your user identifier. This is typically the email address for a Google Account.

    5. Click Select a role, then search for the role.
    6. To grant additional roles, click Add another role and add each additional role.
    7. Click Save.

  11. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  12. If you're using an external identity provider (IdP), you must first sign in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.

  13. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command: 

    gcloud init
  14. 擁有要掛接的 Cloud Storage bucket。如果還沒有值區，請建立新值區。

安裝 Cloud Storage FUSE

如要安裝 Cloud Storage FUSE，請按照「安裝 Cloud Storage FUSE」中的操作說明進行。

安裝水桶

如要將 bucket 掛接至本機檔案系統，請完成下列步驟：

  1. 使用 gcloud auth application-default login 指令產生應用程式預設憑證：

    gcloud auth application-default login

    Cloud Storage FUSE 會自動載入憑證。

  2. 建立要掛接儲存空間 bucket 的目錄：

    mkdir "$HOME/mount-folder"

  3. 使用 gcsfuse 指令掛接儲存空間 bucket：

    gcsfuse BUCKET_NAME "$HOME/mount-folder"

    將 BUCKET_NAME 替換為要掛接的值區名稱。

    如果成功，指令會傳回類似下列文字的輸出內容：

    File system has been successfully mounted.

將物件上傳至 bucket

如要下載範例物件並上傳至已掛接的值區，請完成下列步驟：

要上傳到 bucket 的小貓圖片。

  1. 在圖片上按一下滑鼠右鍵，然後儲存到電腦上的某個位置，例如桌面。

    您也可以使用 cURL 指令 curl -O https://cloud.google.com/storage/images/kitten.png 下載圖片。

  2. 使用 cp 指令，將圖片從儲存位置複製到 bucket 掛接的資料夾：

    cp kitten.png "$HOME/mount-folder/kitten.png"

  3. 請按照下列步驟，確認圖片已複製到本機檔案系統，並成功上傳至 bucket：

    1. 如要確認 kitten.png 已複製到本機檔案系統，請在掛接 bucket 的資料夾中執行 ls：

      ls "$HOME/mount-folder"

      如果複製作業成功，輸出內容會傳回 kitten.png。

    2. 如要列出 bucket 的內容，請使用 gcloud storage ls 指令：

      gcloud storage ls gs://BUCKET_NAME

      將 BUCKET_NAME 替換為 bucket 名稱。

      如果圖片已成功上傳至 bucket，輸出內容會傳回 kitten.png。

清除所用資源

為避免系統向您的 Google Cloud 帳戶收取本頁面所用資源的費用，請按照下列步驟刪除資源：

  1. 使用 fusermount 工具從 Linux 電腦卸載儲存空間 bucket：

    fusermount -u "$HOME/mount-folder"

  2. 如要刪除 bucket 和其中的所有內容，請使用 gcloud storage rm 指令搭配 --recursive 旗標：

    gcloud storage rm gs://BUCKET_NAME --recursive

    將 BUCKET_NAME 替換為 bucket 名稱。

    如果成功，指令會傳回類似以下的輸出內容：

    Removing gs://my-bucket/kitten.png#1676488739323620...
 Removing gs://my-bucket/...

後續步驟