Get started with reservations

Get started with reservations

Learn how to create and assign a reservation in BigQuery.

BigQuery reservations let you purchase dedicated processing capacity, measured in slots, instead of paying on-demand pricing per each byte of data processed. With reservations, costs are more predictable and workload performance is often more consistent. Reservations are associated with editions that provide scaled pricing and meet the requirements of different organizations.

When working with reservations, you can create assignments, which link specific Google Cloud projects, folders, or your entire organization to a particular reservation. This lets you isolate workloads, ensure resources for critical tasks, and manage your BigQuery spending more effectively.

In this tutorial, you create a Standard edition reservation with 100 autoscaling slots and assign a project to the reservation. You can then choose to delete the reservation to avoid incurring costs.

Caution: This tutorial incurs charges. Before purchasing slots, understand reservation pricing. To avoid incurring charges after you complete this tutorial, make sure to delete the reservation as described in Clean up.

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To follow step-by-step guidance for this task directly in the Google Cloud console, click Guide me:

Guide me

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Before you begin

1. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

   Roles required to select or create a project

   • Select a project: Selecting a project doesn't require a specific IAM role—you can select any project that you've been granted a role on.
   • Create a project: To create a project, you need the Project Creator role (roles/resourcemanager.projectCreator), which contains the resourcemanager.projects.create permission. Learn how to grant roles.
   Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

   Go to project selector

   You can create a separate Google Cloud project to administer the reservation and give it a descriptive name like bq-COMPANY_NAME-admin.

2. Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

3. Enable the BigQuery Reservation API.

   Roles required to enable APIs

   To enable APIs, you need the Service Usage Admin IAM role (roles/serviceusage.serviceUsageAdmin), which contains the serviceusage.services.enable permission. Learn how to grant roles.

   Enable the API

   For more information, see Enable the BigQuery Reservation API.

4. In the Google Cloud console, view your slot quotas:

   View your slot quotas

   To purchase slots, you must have enough slot quota for the region in which you want to purchase slots.

   If your slot quota for the region is less than the number of slots you want to purchase, see Request a quota increase.

Required roles

To get the permissions that you need to create a reservation, assign a project to a reservation, and delete the reservation, ask your administrator to grant you the BigQuery Resource Editor (roles/bigquery.resourceEditor) IAM role on the project. For more information about granting roles, see Manage access to projects, folders, and organizations.

You might also be able to get the required permissions through custom roles or other predefined roles.

Create an autoscaling reservation

Create a reservation named test in the US multi-region, and allocate a maximum of 100 autoscaling slots to it. Autoscaling slots scale up or down based on your workload demands.

1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the BigQuery page.

   Go to BigQuery

2. In the navigation menu, click Capacity management.

3. Click Create reservation.

4. In the Reservation name field, enter test.

5. In the Location drop-down list, select us (multiple regions in United States).

6. In the Edition list, select Standard. For more information, see Understand BigQuery editions.

7. For Max reservation size selector, select Small (100 Slots).

8. Leave the other default setting as they are, and click Save.

To learn how to create a reservation using SQL or the bq tool, see Create a reservation with dedicated slots.

Assign a project to a reservation

Assign a project to the test reservation. Any query jobs that run from this project will use the pool of slots from the test reservation. (In this tutorial, you don't run a job.)

You can assign any project that's in the same organization and region as the administration project where you created the reservation.

1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the BigQuery page.

   Go to BigQuery

2. In the navigation menu, click Capacity management.

3. Click the Slot reservations tab.

4. In the Actions column for the reservation named test, click Actions.

   

5. Click Create assignment.

6. In the Select an organization, folder or project section, click Browse.

7. Browse or search for the project, and then select it.

8. Click Create.

When you create a reservation assignment, wait at least 5 minutes before running a query. Otherwise the query might be billed using on-demand pricing.

To learn how to assign a project to a reservation using SQL or the bq tool, see Assign a project or folder to a reservation.

Clean up

To avoid incurring charges to your Google Cloud account for the resources used on this page, follow these steps.

Delete the project

The easiest way to eliminate billing is to delete the project that you created for the tutorial.

To delete the project:

Caution: Deleting a project has the following effects:

• Everything in the project is deleted. If you used an existing project for the tasks in this document, when you delete it, you also delete any other work you've done in the project.
• Custom project IDs are lost. When you created this project, you might have created a custom project ID that you want to use in the future. To preserve the URLs that use the project ID, such as an appspot.com URL, delete selected resources inside the project instead of deleting the whole project.

If you plan to explore multiple architectures, tutorials, or quickstarts, reusing projects can help you avoid exceeding project quota limits.

1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Manage resources page.

   Go to Manage resources

2. In the project list, select the project that you want to delete, and then click Delete.
3. In the dialog, type the project ID, and then click Shut down to delete the project.

Delete the reservation

When you delete a reservation, any jobs that are currently executing with slots from that reservation will fail. To prevent errors, allow in-flight jobs to complete before deleting the reservation.

1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the BigQuery page.

   Go to BigQuery

2. In the navigation menu, click Capacity management.

3. Click the Slot reservations tab.

4. For the reservation named test, click Toggle node.

5. For each assignment in that reservation, click Actions, and then click Delete.

6. In the Actions column for the reservation named test, click Actions.

7. Click Delete.

To learn how to delete a reservation using SQL or the bq tool, see Delete a reservation.

What's next

• To learn how to use BigQuery reservations to manage your workloads, see Understand reservations.

• To learn more about slots, see Understand slots.

• To learn how to use BigQuery assignments to organize your workloads, see Manage workload assignments.

• To learn how to purchase a commitment, see Slot commitments.