在 Compute Engine 中建立 Linux VM 執行個體

在 Compute Engine 中建立 Linux VM 執行個體

瞭解如何使用 Google Cloud 控制台，在 Compute Engine 中建立 Linux 虛擬機器 (VM) 執行個體。

---

如要直接在 Google Cloud 控制台中，按照這項工作的逐步指南操作，請按一下「Guide me」(逐步引導)：

「Guide me」(逐步引導)

---

事前準備

登入 Google Cloud 帳戶。如果您是 Google Cloud新手，歡迎 建立帳戶，親自評估產品在實際工作環境中的成效。新客戶還能獲得價值 $300 美元的免費抵免額，可用於執行、測試及部署工作負載。
In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.
Roles required to select or create a project
• Select a project: Selecting a project doesn't require a specific IAM role—you can select any project that you've been granted a role on.
• Create a project: To create a project, you need the Project Creator role (roles/resourcemanager.projectCreator), which contains the resourcemanager.projects.create permission. Learn how to grant roles.
Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.
Go to project selector
Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.
Make sure that you have the following role or roles on the project: Compute Instance Admin (v1), Compute Security Admin, OSPolicyAssignment Admin, Service Account User, Service Usage Admin
Check for the roles
1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the IAM page.

   Go to IAM
2. Select the project.

3. In the Principal column, find all rows that identify you or a group that you're included in. To learn which groups you're included in, contact your administrator.

4. For all rows that specify or include you, check the Role column to see whether the list of roles includes the required roles.
Grant the roles
1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the IAM page.

   Go to IAM
2. Select the project.
3. Click Grant access.

4. In the New principals field, enter your user identifier. This is typically the email address for a Google Account.

5. Click Select a role, then search for the role.
6. To grant additional roles, click Add another role and add each additional role.
7. Click Save.

In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

Roles required to select or create a project

• Select a project: Selecting a project doesn't require a specific IAM role—you can select any project that you've been granted a role on.
• Create a project: To create a project, you need the Project Creator role (roles/resourcemanager.projectCreator), which contains the resourcemanager.projects.create permission. Learn how to grant roles.

Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

Go to project selector

Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

Make sure that you have the following role or roles on the project: Compute Instance Admin (v1), Compute Security Admin, OSPolicyAssignment Admin, Service Account User, Service Usage Admin

Check for the roles

1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the IAM page.

   Go to IAM
2. Select the project.

3. In the Principal column, find all rows that identify you or a group that you're included in. To learn which groups you're included in, contact your administrator.

4. For all rows that specify or include you, check the Role column to see whether the list of roles includes the required roles.

Grant the roles

1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the IAM page.

   Go to IAM
2. Select the project.
3. Click Grant access.

4. In the New principals field, enter your user identifier. This is typically the email address for a Google Account.

5. Click Select a role, then search for the role.
6. To grant additional roles, click Add another role and add each additional role.
7. Click Save.
1. 啟用 Compute Engine API。

   啟用 Compute Engine API

建立 Linux VM 執行個體

1. 前往 Google Cloud 控制台的「Create an instance」(建立執行個體)頁面。

   前往「建立執行個體」

2. 在「OS 和儲存空間」部分中，按一下「變更」，即可開始設定開機磁碟。
3. 在「Public images」(公開映像檔) 分頁中，從「Operating system」(作業系統) 清單中選擇「Ubuntu」。
4. 從「Version」(版本) 清單中選擇「Ubuntu 24.04 LTS」。
5. 按一下「Select」(選取)。
6. 在「Firewall」(防火牆) 區段中，選取「Allow HTTP traffic」(允許 HTTP 流量)。
7. 按一下「Create」(建立)，即可建立 VM。

VM 執行個體啟動需要一些時間。VM 執行個體準備就緒後，就會列在「VM instances」(VM 執行個體) 頁面中，並顯示綠色的狀態圖示。

Compute Engine 會將 roles/compute.instanceAdmin 角色授予建立 VM 執行個體的使用者。Compute Engine 也會將該使用者新增至 sudo 群組。

連線至 VM 執行個體

使用 Google Cloud 控制台連線至 VM 執行個體，並完成下列步驟。您會以存取 VM 執行個體頁面的使用者身分連線至 VM 執行個體。

1. 前往 Google Cloud 控制台的「VM instances」(VM 執行個體) 頁面。

   前往 VM 執行個體

2. 在虛擬機器執行個體清單中，找到您要建立連線的執行個體，然後在該列中點選「SSH」SSH。

   

清除所用資源

為了避免系統向您的 Google Cloud 帳戶收取本頁面所用資源的費用，請按照下列步驟操作。

1. 前往 Google Cloud 控制台的「VM instances」(VM 執行個體) 頁面。

   前往 VM 執行個體

2. 選取您在本教學課程中建立的 VM 執行個體所在的資料列。

3. 依序點選「刪除」和「刪除」確認操作。

後續步驟

• 參閱教學課程內容，瞭解如何在新的執行個體上設定基本網路伺服器。
• 逐步完成 Google Cloud 控制台中的入門教學課程。
• 瞭解如何使用 gcloud CLI 指令列工具和 API 來建立及管理虛擬機器執行個體。
• 進一步瞭解適用於 Compute Engine 的 Linux 映像檔。
• 瞭解如何將檔案轉移至執行個體。