Create index

Create an index.

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For detailed documentation that includes this code sample, see the following:

Code sample

C++

To learn how to install and use the client library for Spanner, see Spanner client libraries.

To authenticate to Spanner, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment. 

void AddIndex(google::cloud::spanner_admin::DatabaseAdminClient client,
              std::string const& project_id, std::string const& instance_id,
              std::string const& database_id) {
  google::cloud::spanner::Database database(project_id, instance_id,
                                            database_id);
  auto metadata =
      client
          .UpdateDatabaseDdl(
              database.FullName(),
              {"CREATE INDEX AlbumsByAlbumTitle ON Albums(AlbumTitle)"})
          .get();
  google::cloud::spanner_testing::LogUpdateDatabaseDdl(  //! TODO(#4758)
      client, database, metadata.status());              //! TODO(#4758)
  if (!metadata) throw std::move(metadata).status();
  std::cout << "`AlbumsByAlbumTitle` Index successfully added, new DDL:\n"
            << metadata->DebugString();
}

C#

To learn how to install and use the client library for Spanner, see Spanner client libraries.

To authenticate to Spanner, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment. 


using Google.Cloud.Spanner.Data;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class AddIndexAsyncSample
{
    public async Task AddIndexAsync(string projectId, string instanceId, string databaseId)
    {
        string connectionString = $"Data Source=projects/{projectId}/instances/{instanceId}/databases/{databaseId}";
        string createStatement = "CREATE INDEX AlbumsByAlbumTitle ON Albums(AlbumTitle)";

        using var connection = new SpannerConnection(connectionString);
        using var createCmd = connection.CreateDdlCommand(createStatement);
        await createCmd.ExecuteNonQueryAsync();
        Console.WriteLine("Added the AlbumsByAlbumTitle index.");
    }
}

Go

To learn how to install and use the client library for Spanner, see Spanner client libraries.

To authenticate to Spanner, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment. 


import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	database "cloud.google.com/go/spanner/admin/database/apiv1"
	adminpb "cloud.google.com/go/spanner/admin/database/apiv1/databasepb"
)

func addIndex(ctx context.Context, w io.Writer, db string) error {
	adminClient, err := database.NewDatabaseAdminClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer adminClient.Close()

	op, err := adminClient.UpdateDatabaseDdl(ctx, &adminpb.UpdateDatabaseDdlRequest{
		Database: db,
		Statements: []string{
			"CREATE INDEX AlbumsByAlbumTitle ON Albums(AlbumTitle)",
		},
	})
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if err := op.Wait(ctx); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Added index\n")
	return nil
}

Java

To learn how to install and use the client library for Spanner, see Spanner client libraries.

To authenticate to Spanner, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment. 

static void addIndex(DatabaseAdminClient adminClient, DatabaseName databaseName) {
  try {
    // Initiate the request which returns an OperationFuture.
    adminClient.updateDatabaseDdlAsync(
        databaseName,
        Arrays.asList("CREATE INDEX AlbumsByAlbumTitle ON Albums(AlbumTitle)")).get();
    System.out.println("Added AlbumsByAlbumTitle index");
  } catch (ExecutionException e) {
    // If the operation failed during execution, expose the cause.
    throw (SpannerException) e.getCause();
  } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    // Throw when a thread is waiting, sleeping, or otherwise occupied,
    // and the thread is interrupted, either before or during the activity.
    throw SpannerExceptionFactory.propagateInterrupt(e);
  }
}

Node.js

To learn how to install and use the client library for Spanner, see Spanner client libraries.

To authenticate to Spanner, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment. 

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const instanceId = 'my-instance';
// const databaseId = 'my-database';
// const projectId = 'my-project-id';

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const {Spanner} = require('@google-cloud/spanner');

// creates a client
const spanner = new Spanner({
  projectId: projectId,
});

const databaseAdminClient = spanner.getDatabaseAdminClient();

async function createIndex() {
  const request = ['CREATE INDEX AlbumsByAlbumTitle ON Albums(AlbumTitle)'];

  // Creates a new index in the database
  try {
    const [operation] = await databaseAdminClient.updateDatabaseDdl({
      database: databaseAdminClient.databasePath(
        projectId,
        instanceId,
        databaseId
      ),
      statements: request,
    });

    console.log('Waiting for operation to complete...');
    await operation.promise();

    console.log('Added the AlbumsByAlbumTitle index.');
  } catch (err) {
    console.error('Failed to create index:', err.message || err);
  } finally {
    // Close the spanner client when finished.
    // The databaseAdminClient does not require explicit closure. The closure of the Spanner client will automatically close the databaseAdminClient.
    spanner.close();
  }
}
createIndex();

PHP

To learn how to install and use the client library for Spanner, see Spanner client libraries.

To authenticate to Spanner, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment. 

use Google\Cloud\Spanner\SpannerClient;

/**
 * Adds a simple index to the example database.
 * Example:
 * ```
 * create_index($instanceId, $databaseId);
 * ```
 *
 * @param string $instanceId The Spanner instance ID.
 * @param string $databaseId The Spanner database ID.
 */
function create_index(string $instanceId, string $databaseId): void
{
    $spanner = new SpannerClient();
    $instance = $spanner->instance($instanceId);
    $database = $instance->database($databaseId);

    $operation = $database->updateDdl(
        'CREATE INDEX AlbumsByAlbumTitle ON Albums(AlbumTitle)'
    );

    print('Waiting for operation to complete...' . PHP_EOL);
    $operation->pollUntilComplete();

    printf('Added the AlbumsByAlbumTitle index.' . PHP_EOL);
}

Python

To learn how to install and use the client library for Spanner, see Spanner client libraries.

To authenticate to Spanner, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment. 

def add_index(instance_id, database_id):
    """Adds a simple index to the example database."""
    spanner_client = spanner.Client()
    instance = spanner_client.instance(instance_id)
    database = instance.database(database_id)

    operation = database.update_ddl(
        ["CREATE INDEX AlbumsByAlbumTitle ON Albums(AlbumTitle)"]
    )

    print("Waiting for operation to complete...")
    operation.result(OPERATION_TIMEOUT_SECONDS)

    print("Added the AlbumsByAlbumTitle index.")

Ruby

To learn how to install and use the client library for Spanner, see Spanner client libraries.

To authenticate to Spanner, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment. 

# project_id  = "Your Google Cloud project ID"
# instance_id = "Your Spanner instance ID"
# database_id = "Your Spanner database ID"

require "google/cloud/spanner"
require "google/cloud/spanner/admin/database"

database_admin_client = Google::Cloud::Spanner::Admin::Database.database_admin

db_path = database_admin_client.database_path project: project_id,
                                              instance: instance_id,
                                              database: database_id

job = database_admin_client.update_database_ddl database: db_path,
                                                statements: [
                                                  "CREATE INDEX AlbumsByAlbumTitle ON Albums(AlbumTitle)"
                                                ]

puts "Waiting for database update to complete"

job.wait_until_done!

puts "Added the AlbumsByAlbumTitle index"

Rust

use google_cloud_lro::Poller;
use google_cloud_spanner_admin_database_v1::client::DatabaseAdmin;

pub async fn sample(admin_client: &DatabaseAdmin, database_name: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    let statements = vec!["CREATE INDEX AlbumsByAlbumTitle ON Albums(AlbumTitle)"];

    println!("Creating AlbumsByAlbumTitle index...");
    admin_client
        .update_database_ddl()
        .set_database(database_name)
        .set_statements(statements)
        .poller()
        .until_done()
        .await?;

    println!("Added AlbumsByAlbumTitle index");
    Ok(())
}

What's next

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