Cloud Data Loss Prevention (Cloud DLP) ist jetzt Teil des Schutzes sensibler Daten. Der Name der API bleibt unverändert: Cloud Data Loss Prevention API (DLP API). Informationen zu den Diensten, die zum Schutz sensibler Daten gehören, finden Sie unter Schutz sensibler Daten.

Numerische und kategorische Statistiken berechnen

Mit dem Schutz sensibler Daten können Sie numerische und kategorische numerische Statistiken für einzelne Spalten in BigQuery-Tabellen berechnen. Der Schutz sensibler Daten kann Folgendes berechnen:

Den Mindestwert der Spalte
Den Höchstwert der Spalte
Quantilwerte für die Spalte
Ein Histogramm der Werthäufigkeit in der Spalte

Numerische Statistik berechnen

Sie können die Mindest-, Höchst- und Quantilwerte für eine einzelne BigQuery-Spalte ermitteln. Zur Berechnung dieser Werte konfigurieren Sie einen DlpJob, und setzen den NumericalStatsConfig Datenschutzmesswert auf den Namen der zu scannenden Spalte. Wenn Sie den Job ausführen, berechnet der Schutz sensibler Daten Statistiken für die angegebene Spalte und gibt die Ergebnisse im NumericalStatsResult Objekt zurück. Der Schutz sensibler Daten kann Statistiken für diese Zahlentypen berechnen:

integer
float
date
datetime
timestamp
Zeit

Die zurückgegebenen Informationen einer Scanausführung umfassen den Mindestwert, den Höchstwert und 99 Quantilwerte, die den Satz von Feldwerten in 100 gleich große Buckets aufteilen.

Codebeispiele

Der folgende Beispielcode in mehreren Sprachen veranschaulicht, wie der Schutz sensibler Daten zum Berechnen numerischer Statistiken verwendet wird.

C#

Informationen zum Installieren und Verwenden der Clientbibliothek für den Schutz sensibler Daten finden Sie unter Clientbibliotheken für den Schutz sensibler Daten.

Richten Sie die Standardanmeldedaten für Anwendungen ein, um sich beim Schutz sensibler Daten zu authentifizieren. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter Authentifizierung für eine lokale Entwicklungsumgebung einrichten.


using Google.Api.Gax.ResourceNames;
using Google.Cloud.Dlp.V2;
using Google.Cloud.PubSub.V1;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using static Google.Cloud.Dlp.V2.Action.Types;
using static Google.Cloud.Dlp.V2.PrivacyMetric.Types;

public class RiskAnalysisCreateNumericalStats
{
    public static AnalyzeDataSourceRiskDetails.Types.NumericalStatsResult NumericalStats(
        string callingProjectId,
        string tableProjectId,
        string datasetId,
        string tableId,
        string topicId,
        string subscriptionId,
        string columnName)
    {
        var dlp = DlpServiceClient.Create();

        // Construct + submit the job
        var config = new RiskAnalysisJobConfig
        {
            PrivacyMetric = new PrivacyMetric
            {
                NumericalStatsConfig = new NumericalStatsConfig
                {
                    Field = new FieldId { Name = columnName }
                }
            },
            SourceTable = new BigQueryTable
            {
                ProjectId = tableProjectId,
                DatasetId = datasetId,
                TableId = tableId
            },
            Actions =
                {
                    new Google.Cloud.Dlp.V2.Action
                    {
                        PubSub = new PublishToPubSub
                        {
                            Topic = $"projects/{callingProjectId}/topics/{topicId}"
                        }
                    }
                }
        };

        var submittedJob = dlp.CreateDlpJob(
            new CreateDlpJobRequest
            {
                ParentAsProjectName = new ProjectName(callingProjectId),
                RiskJob = config
            });

        // Listen to pub/sub for the job
        var subscriptionName = new SubscriptionName(callingProjectId, subscriptionId);
        var subscriber = SubscriberClient.CreateAsync(
            subscriptionName).Result;

        // SimpleSubscriber runs your message handle function on multiple
        // threads to maximize throughput.
        var done = new ManualResetEventSlim(false);
        subscriber.StartAsync((PubsubMessage message, CancellationToken cancel) =>
        {
            if (message.Attributes["DlpJobName"] == submittedJob.Name)
            {
                Thread.Sleep(500); // Wait for DLP API results to become consistent
                done.Set();
                return Task.FromResult(SubscriberClient.Reply.Ack);
            }
            else
            {
                return Task.FromResult(SubscriberClient.Reply.Nack);
            }
        });

        done.Wait(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(10)); // 10 minute timeout; may not work for large jobs
        subscriber.StopAsync(CancellationToken.None).Wait();

        // Process results
        var resultJob = dlp.GetDlpJob(
            new GetDlpJobRequest
            {
                DlpJobName = DlpJobName.Parse(submittedJob.Name)
            });

        var result = resultJob.RiskDetails.NumericalStatsResult;

        // 'UnpackValue(x)' is a prettier version of 'x.toString()'
        Console.WriteLine($"Value Range: [{UnpackValue(result.MinValue)}, {UnpackValue(result.MaxValue)}]");
        var lastValue = string.Empty;
        for (var quantile = 0; quantile < result.QuantileValues.Count; quantile++)
        {
            var currentValue = UnpackValue(result.QuantileValues[quantile]);
            if (lastValue != currentValue)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"Value at {quantile + 1}% quantile: {currentValue}");
            }
            lastValue = currentValue;
        }

        return result;
    }

    public static string UnpackValue(Value protoValue)
    {
        var jsonValue = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Dictionary<string, object>>(protoValue.ToString());
        return jsonValue.Values.ElementAt(0).ToString();
    }
}

Go

Informationen zum Installieren und Verwenden der Clientbibliothek für den Schutz sensibler Daten finden Sie unter Clientbibliotheken für den Schutz sensibler Daten.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	dlp "cloud.google.com/go/dlp/apiv2"
	"cloud.google.com/go/dlp/apiv2/dlppb"
	"cloud.google.com/go/pubsub"
)

// riskNumerical computes the numerical risk of the given column.
func riskNumerical(w io.Writer, projectID, dataProject, pubSubTopic, pubSubSub, datasetID, tableID, columnName string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// dataProject := "bigquery-public-data"
	// pubSubTopic := "dlp-risk-sample-topic"
	// pubSubSub := "dlp-risk-sample-sub"
	// datasetID := "nhtsa_traffic_fatalities"
	// tableID := "accident_2015"
	// columnName := "state_number"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := dlp.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("dlp.NewClient: %w", err)
	}

	// Create a PubSub Client used to listen for when the inspect job finishes.
	pubsubClient, err := pubsub.NewClient(ctx, projectID)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer pubsubClient.Close()

	// Create a PubSub subscription we can use to listen for messages.
	// Create the Topic if it doesn't exist.
	t := pubsubClient.Topic(pubSubTopic)
	topicExists, err := t.Exists(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if !topicExists {
		if t, err = pubsubClient.CreateTopic(ctx, pubSubTopic); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	// Create the Subscription if it doesn't exist.
	s := pubsubClient.Subscription(pubSubSub)
	subExists, err := s.Exists(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if !subExists {
		if s, err = pubsubClient.CreateSubscription(ctx, pubSubSub, pubsub.SubscriptionConfig{Topic: t}); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	// topic is the PubSub topic string where messages should be sent.
	topic := "projects/" + projectID + "/topics/" + pubSubTopic

	// Create a configured request.
	req := &dlppb.CreateDlpJobRequest{
		Parent: fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/global", projectID),
		Job: &dlppb.CreateDlpJobRequest_RiskJob{
			RiskJob: &dlppb.RiskAnalysisJobConfig{
				// PrivacyMetric configures what to compute.
				PrivacyMetric: &dlppb.PrivacyMetric{
					Type: &dlppb.PrivacyMetric_NumericalStatsConfig_{
						NumericalStatsConfig: &dlppb.PrivacyMetric_NumericalStatsConfig{
							Field: &dlppb.FieldId{
								Name: columnName,
							},
						},
					},
				},
				// SourceTable describes where to find the data.
				SourceTable: &dlppb.BigQueryTable{
					ProjectId: dataProject,
					DatasetId: datasetID,
					TableId:   tableID,
				},
				// Send a message to PubSub using Actions.
				Actions: []*dlppb.Action{
					{
						Action: &dlppb.Action_PubSub{
							PubSub: &dlppb.Action_PublishToPubSub{
								Topic: topic,
							},
						},
					},
				},
			},
		},
	}
	// Create the risk job.
	j, err := client.CreateDlpJob(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("CreateDlpJob: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Created job: %v\n", j.GetName())

	// Wait for the risk job to finish by waiting for a PubSub message.
	// This only waits for 10 minutes. For long jobs, consider using a truly
	// asynchronous execution model such as Cloud Functions.
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 10*time.Minute)
	defer cancel()
	err = s.Receive(ctx, func(ctx context.Context, msg *pubsub.Message) {
		// If this is the wrong job, do not process the result.
		if msg.Attributes["DlpJobName"] != j.GetName() {
			msg.Nack()
			return
		}
		msg.Ack()
		time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
		resp, err := client.GetDlpJob(ctx, &dlppb.GetDlpJobRequest{
			Name: j.GetName(),
		})
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "GetDlpJob: %v", err)
			return
		}
		n := resp.GetRiskDetails().GetNumericalStatsResult()
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Value range: [%v, %v]\n", n.GetMinValue(), n.GetMaxValue())
		var tmp string
		for p, v := range n.GetQuantileValues() {
			if v.String() != tmp {
				fmt.Fprintf(w, "Value at %v quantile: %v\n", p, v)
				tmp = v.String()
			}
		}
		// Stop listening for more messages.
		cancel()
	})
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Recieve: %w", err)
	}
	return nil
}

Java

Informationen zum Installieren und Verwenden der Clientbibliothek für den Schutz sensibler Daten finden Sie unter Clientbibliotheken für den Schutz sensibler Daten.


import com.google.api.core.SettableApiFuture;
import com.google.cloud.dlp.v2.DlpServiceClient;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.AckReplyConsumer;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.MessageReceiver;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.Subscriber;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.Action;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.Action.PublishToPubSub;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.AnalyzeDataSourceRiskDetails.NumericalStatsResult;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.BigQueryTable;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.CreateDlpJobRequest;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.DlpJob;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.FieldId;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.GetDlpJobRequest;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.LocationName;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.PrivacyMetric;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.PrivacyMetric.NumericalStatsConfig;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.RiskAnalysisJobConfig;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.Value;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.ProjectSubscriptionName;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.ProjectTopicName;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.PubsubMessage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

class RiskAnalysisNumericalStats {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String datasetId = "your-bigquery-dataset-id";
    String tableId = "your-bigquery-table-id";
    String topicId = "pub-sub-topic";
    String subscriptionId = "pub-sub-subscription";
    numericalStatsAnalysis(projectId, datasetId, tableId, topicId, subscriptionId);
  }

  public static void numericalStatsAnalysis(
      String projectId, String datasetId, String tableId, String topicId, String subscriptionId)
      throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException, IOException {

    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
    // once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
    // the "close" method on the client to safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (DlpServiceClient dlpServiceClient = DlpServiceClient.create()) {

      // Specify the BigQuery table to analyze
      BigQueryTable bigQueryTable =
          BigQueryTable.newBuilder()
              .setTableId(tableId)
              .setDatasetId(datasetId)
              .setProjectId(projectId)
              .build();

      // This represents the name of the column to analyze, which must contain numerical data
      String columnName = "Age";

      // Configure the privacy metric for the job
      FieldId fieldId = FieldId.newBuilder().setName(columnName).build();
      NumericalStatsConfig numericalStatsConfig =
          NumericalStatsConfig.newBuilder().setField(fieldId).build();
      PrivacyMetric privacyMetric =
          PrivacyMetric.newBuilder().setNumericalStatsConfig(numericalStatsConfig).build();

      // Create action to publish job status notifications over Google Cloud Pub/Sub
      ProjectTopicName topicName = ProjectTopicName.of(projectId, topicId);
      PublishToPubSub publishToPubSub =
          PublishToPubSub.newBuilder().setTopic(topicName.toString()).build();
      Action action = Action.newBuilder().setPubSub(publishToPubSub).build();

      // Configure the risk analysis job to perform
      RiskAnalysisJobConfig riskAnalysisJobConfig =
          RiskAnalysisJobConfig.newBuilder()
              .setSourceTable(bigQueryTable)
              .setPrivacyMetric(privacyMetric)
              .addActions(action)
              .build();

      CreateDlpJobRequest createDlpJobRequest =
          CreateDlpJobRequest.newBuilder()
              .setParent(LocationName.of(projectId, "global").toString())
              .setRiskJob(riskAnalysisJobConfig)
              .build();

      // Send the request to the API using the client
      DlpJob dlpJob = dlpServiceClient.createDlpJob(createDlpJobRequest);

      // Set up a Pub/Sub subscriber to listen on the job completion status
      final SettableApiFuture<Boolean> done = SettableApiFuture.create();

      ProjectSubscriptionName subscriptionName =
          ProjectSubscriptionName.of(projectId, subscriptionId);

      MessageReceiver messageHandler =
          (PubsubMessage pubsubMessage, AckReplyConsumer ackReplyConsumer) -> {
            handleMessage(dlpJob, done, pubsubMessage, ackReplyConsumer);
          };
      Subscriber subscriber = Subscriber.newBuilder(subscriptionName, messageHandler).build();
      subscriber.startAsync();

      // Wait for job completion semi-synchronously
      // For long jobs, consider using a truly asynchronous execution model such as Cloud Functions
      try {
        done.get(15, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
      } catch (TimeoutException e) {
        System.out.println("Job was not completed after 15 minutes.");
        return;
      } finally {
        subscriber.stopAsync();
        subscriber.awaitTerminated();
      }

      // Build a request to get the completed job
      GetDlpJobRequest getDlpJobRequest =
          GetDlpJobRequest.newBuilder().setName(dlpJob.getName()).build();

      // Retrieve completed job status
      DlpJob completedJob = dlpServiceClient.getDlpJob(getDlpJobRequest);
      System.out.println("Job status: " + completedJob.getState());
      System.out.println("Job name: " + dlpJob.getName());

      // Get the result and parse through and process the information
      NumericalStatsResult result = completedJob.getRiskDetails().getNumericalStatsResult();

      System.out.printf(
          "Value range : [%.3f, %.3f]\n",
          result.getMinValue().getFloatValue(), result.getMaxValue().getFloatValue());

      int percent = 1;
      Double lastValue = null;
      for (Value quantileValue : result.getQuantileValuesList()) {
        Double currentValue = quantileValue.getFloatValue();
        if (lastValue == null || !lastValue.equals(currentValue)) {
          System.out.printf("Value at %s %% quantile : %.3f", percent, currentValue);
        }
        lastValue = currentValue;
      }
    }
  }

  // handleMessage injects the job and settableFuture into the message reciever interface
  private static void handleMessage(
      DlpJob job,
      SettableApiFuture<Boolean> done,
      PubsubMessage pubsubMessage,
      AckReplyConsumer ackReplyConsumer) {
    String messageAttribute = pubsubMessage.getAttributesMap().get("DlpJobName");
    if (job.getName().equals(messageAttribute)) {
      done.set(true);
      ackReplyConsumer.ack();
    } else {
      ackReplyConsumer.nack();
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Informationen zum Installieren und Verwenden der Clientbibliothek für den Schutz sensibler Daten finden Sie unter Clientbibliotheken für den Schutz sensibler Daten.

// Import the Google Cloud client libraries
const DLP = require('@google-cloud/dlp');
const {PubSub} = require('@google-cloud/pubsub');

// Instantiates clients
const dlp = new DLP.DlpServiceClient();
const pubsub = new PubSub();

// The project ID to run the API call under
// const projectId = 'my-project';

// The project ID the table is stored under
// This may or (for public datasets) may not equal the calling project ID
// const tableProjectId = 'my-project';

// The ID of the dataset to inspect, e.g. 'my_dataset'
// const datasetId = 'my_dataset';

// The ID of the table to inspect, e.g. 'my_table'
// const tableId = 'my_table';

// The name of the column to compute risk metrics for, e.g. 'age'
// Note that this column must be a numeric data type
// const columnName = 'firstName';

// The name of the Pub/Sub topic to notify once the job completes
// TODO(developer): create a Pub/Sub topic to use for this
// const topicId = 'MY-PUBSUB-TOPIC'

// The name of the Pub/Sub subscription to use when listening for job
// completion notifications
// TODO(developer): create a Pub/Sub subscription to use for this
// const subscriptionId = 'MY-PUBSUB-SUBSCRIPTION'

async function numericalRiskAnalysis() {
  const sourceTable = {
    projectId: tableProjectId,
    datasetId: datasetId,
    tableId: tableId,
  };

  // Construct request for creating a risk analysis job
  const request = {
    parent: `projects/${projectId}/locations/global`,
    riskJob: {
      privacyMetric: {
        numericalStatsConfig: {
          field: {
            name: columnName,
          },
        },
      },
      sourceTable: sourceTable,
      actions: [
        {
          pubSub: {
            topic: `projects/${projectId}/topics/${topicId}`,
          },
        },
      ],
    },
  };

  // Create helper function for unpacking values
  const getValue = obj => obj[Object.keys(obj)[0]];

  // Run risk analysis job
  const [topicResponse] = await pubsub.topic(topicId).get();
  const subscription = await topicResponse.subscription(subscriptionId);
  const [jobsResponse] = await dlp.createDlpJob(request);
  const jobName = jobsResponse.name;
  console.log(`Job created. Job name: ${jobName}`);
  // Watch the Pub/Sub topic until the DLP job finishes
  await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    const messageHandler = message => {
      if (message.attributes && message.attributes.DlpJobName === jobName) {
        message.ack();
        subscription.removeListener('message', messageHandler);
        subscription.removeListener('error', errorHandler);
        resolve(jobName);
      } else {
        message.nack();
      }
    };

    const errorHandler = err => {
      subscription.removeListener('message', messageHandler);
      subscription.removeListener('error', errorHandler);
      reject(err);
    };

    subscription.on('message', messageHandler);
    subscription.on('error', errorHandler);
  });
  setTimeout(() => {
    console.log(' Waiting for DLP job to fully complete');
  }, 500);
  const [job] = await dlp.getDlpJob({name: jobName});
  const results = job.riskDetails.numericalStatsResult;

  console.log(
    `Value Range: [${getValue(results.minValue)}, ${getValue(
      results.maxValue
    )}]`
  );

  // Print unique quantile values
  let tempValue = null;
  results.quantileValues.forEach((result, percent) => {
    const value = getValue(result);

    // Only print new values
    if (
      tempValue !== value &&
      !(tempValue && tempValue.equals && tempValue.equals(value))
    ) {
      console.log(`Value at ${percent}% quantile: ${value}`);
      tempValue = value;
    }
  });
}

await numericalRiskAnalysis();

PHP

Informationen zum Installieren und Verwenden der Clientbibliothek für den Schutz sensibler Daten finden Sie unter Clientbibliotheken für den Schutz sensibler Daten.

use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\Action;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\Action\PublishToPubSub;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\BigQueryTable;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\Client\DlpServiceClient;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\CreateDlpJobRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\DlpJob\JobState;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\FieldId;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\GetDlpJobRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\PrivacyMetric;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\PrivacyMetric\NumericalStatsConfig;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\RiskAnalysisJobConfig;
use Google\Cloud\PubSub\PubSubClient;

/**
 * Computes risk metrics of a column of numbers in a Google BigQuery table.
 *
 * @param string $callingProjectId  The project ID to run the API call under
 * @param string $dataProjectId     The project ID containing the target Datastore
 * @param string $topicId           The name of the Pub/Sub topic to notify once the job completes
 * @param string $subscriptionId    The name of the Pub/Sub subscription to use when listening for job
 * @param string $datasetId         The ID of the BigQuery dataset to inspect
 * @param string $tableId           The ID of the BigQuery table to inspect
 * @param string $columnName        The name of the column to compute risk metrics for, e.g. "age"
 */
function numerical_stats(
    string $callingProjectId,
    string $dataProjectId,
    string $topicId,
    string $subscriptionId,
    string $datasetId,
    string $tableId,
    string $columnName
): void {
    // Instantiate a client.
    $dlp = new DlpServiceClient();
    $pubsub = new PubSubClient();
    $topic = $pubsub->topic($topicId);

    // Construct risk analysis config
    $columnField = (new FieldId())
        ->setName($columnName);

    $statsConfig = (new NumericalStatsConfig())
        ->setField($columnField);

    $privacyMetric = (new PrivacyMetric())
        ->setNumericalStatsConfig($statsConfig);

    // Construct items to be analyzed
    $bigqueryTable = (new BigQueryTable())
        ->setProjectId($dataProjectId)
        ->setDatasetId($datasetId)
        ->setTableId($tableId);

    // Construct the action to run when job completes
    $pubSubAction = (new PublishToPubSub())
        ->setTopic($topic->name());

    $action = (new Action())
        ->setPubSub($pubSubAction);

    // Construct risk analysis job config to run
    $riskJob = (new RiskAnalysisJobConfig())
        ->setPrivacyMetric($privacyMetric)
        ->setSourceTable($bigqueryTable)
        ->setActions([$action]);

    // Listen for job notifications via an existing topic/subscription.
    $subscription = $topic->subscription($subscriptionId);

    // Submit request
    $parent = "projects/$callingProjectId/locations/global";
    $createDlpJobRequest = (new CreateDlpJobRequest())
        ->setParent($parent)
        ->setRiskJob($riskJob);
    $job = $dlp->createDlpJob($createDlpJobRequest);

    // Poll Pub/Sub using exponential backoff until job finishes
    // Consider using an asynchronous execution model such as Cloud Functions
    $attempt = 1;
    $startTime = time();
    do {
        foreach ($subscription->pull() as $message) {
            if (
                isset($message->attributes()['DlpJobName']) &&
                $message->attributes()['DlpJobName'] === $job->getName()
            ) {
                $subscription->acknowledge($message);
                // Get the updated job. Loop to avoid race condition with DLP API.
                do {
                    $getDlpJobRequest = (new GetDlpJobRequest())
                        ->setName($job->getName());
                    $job = $dlp->getDlpJob($getDlpJobRequest);
                } while ($job->getState() == JobState::RUNNING);
                break 2; // break from parent do while
            }
        }
        print('Waiting for job to complete' . PHP_EOL);
        // Exponential backoff with max delay of 60 seconds
        sleep(min(60, pow(2, ++$attempt)));
    } while (time() - $startTime < 600); // 10 minute timeout

    // Helper function to convert Protobuf values to strings
    $valueToString = function ($value) {
        $json = json_decode($value->serializeToJsonString(), true);
        return array_shift($json);
    };

    // Print finding counts
    printf('Job %s status: %s' . PHP_EOL, $job->getName(), JobState::name($job->getState()));
    switch ($job->getState()) {
        case JobState::DONE:
            $results = $job->getRiskDetails()->getNumericalStatsResult();
            printf(
                'Value range: [%s, %s]' . PHP_EOL,
                $valueToString($results->getMinValue()),
                $valueToString($results->getMaxValue())
            );

            // Only print unique values
            $lastValue = null;
            foreach ($results->getQuantileValues() as $percent => $quantileValue) {
                $value = $valueToString($quantileValue);
                if ($value != $lastValue) {
                    printf('Value at %s quantile: %s' . PHP_EOL, $percent, $value);
                    $lastValue = $value;
                }
            }

            break;
        case JobState::FAILED:
            printf('Job %s had errors:' . PHP_EOL, $job->getName());
            $errors = $job->getErrors();
            foreach ($errors as $error) {
                var_dump($error->getDetails());
            }
            break;
        case JobState::PENDING:
            print('Job has not completed. Consider a longer timeout or an asynchronous execution model' . PHP_EOL);
            break;
        default:
            print('Unexpected job state. Most likely, the job is either running or has not yet started.');
    }
}

Python

Informationen zum Installieren und Verwenden der Clientbibliothek für den Schutz sensibler Daten finden Sie unter Clientbibliotheken für den Schutz sensibler Daten.

import concurrent.futures

import google.cloud.dlp
import google.cloud.pubsub


def numerical_risk_analysis(
    project: str,
    table_project_id: str,
    dataset_id: str,
    table_id: str,
    column_name: str,
    topic_id: str,
    subscription_id: str,
    timeout: int = 300,
) -> None:
    """Uses the Data Loss Prevention API to compute risk metrics of a column
       of numerical data in a Google BigQuery table.
    Args:
        project: The Google Cloud project id to use as a parent resource.
        table_project_id: The Google Cloud project id where the BigQuery table
            is stored.
        dataset_id: The id of the dataset to inspect.
        table_id: The id of the table to inspect.
        column_name: The name of the column to compute risk metrics for.
        topic_id: The name of the Pub/Sub topic to notify once the job
            completes.
        subscription_id: The name of the Pub/Sub subscription to use when
            listening for job completion notifications.
        timeout: The number of seconds to wait for a response from the API.

    Returns:
        None; the response from the API is printed to the terminal.
    """

    # Instantiate a client.
    dlp = google.cloud.dlp_v2.DlpServiceClient()

    # Convert the project id into full resource ids.
    topic = google.cloud.pubsub.PublisherClient.topic_path(project, topic_id)
    parent = f"projects/{project}/locations/global"

    # Location info of the BigQuery table.
    source_table = {
        "project_id": table_project_id,
        "dataset_id": dataset_id,
        "table_id": table_id,
    }

    # Tell the API where to send a notification when the job is complete.
    actions = [{"pub_sub": {"topic": topic}}]

    # Configure risk analysis job
    # Give the name of the numeric column to compute risk metrics for
    risk_job = {
        "privacy_metric": {"numerical_stats_config": {"field": {"name": column_name}}},
        "source_table": source_table,
        "actions": actions,
    }

    # Call API to start risk analysis job
    operation = dlp.create_dlp_job(request={"parent": parent, "risk_job": risk_job})

    def callback(message: google.cloud.pubsub_v1.subscriber.message.Message) -> None:
        if message.attributes["DlpJobName"] == operation.name:
            # This is the message we're looking for, so acknowledge it.
            message.ack()

            # Now that the job is done, fetch the results and print them.
            job = dlp.get_dlp_job(request={"name": operation.name})
            print(f"Job name: {job.name}")
            results = job.risk_details.numerical_stats_result
            print(
                "Value Range: [{}, {}]".format(
                    results.min_value.integer_value,
                    results.max_value.integer_value,
                )
            )
            prev_value = None
            for percent, result in enumerate(results.quantile_values):
                value = result.integer_value
                if prev_value != value:
                    print(f"Value at {percent}% quantile: {value}")
                    prev_value = value
            subscription.set_result(None)
        else:
            # This is not the message we're looking for.
            message.drop()

    # Create a Pub/Sub client and find the subscription. The subscription is
    # expected to already be listening to the topic.
    subscriber = google.cloud.pubsub.SubscriberClient()
    subscription_path = subscriber.subscription_path(project, subscription_id)
    subscription = subscriber.subscribe(subscription_path, callback)

    try:
        subscription.result(timeout=timeout)
    except concurrent.futures.TimeoutError:
        print(
            "No event received before the timeout. Please verify that the "
            "subscription provided is subscribed to the topic provided."
        )
        subscription.close()

Kategorische numerische Statistik berechnen

Sie können eine Statistik mit den folgenden kategorischen numerischen Informationen für einzelne Histogramm-Buckets innerhalb einer BigQuery-Tabellenspalte berechnen:

Obergrenze der Werthäufigkeit innerhalb eines bestimmten Buckets
Untergrenze der Werthäufigkeit innerhalb eines bestimmten Buckets
Größe eines bestimmten Buckets
Eine Stichprobe von Werthäufigkeiten in einem bestimmten Bucket (maximal 20)

Zur Berechnung dieser Werte konfigurieren Sie einen DlpJob, setzen den CategoricalStatsConfig Datenschutzmesswert auf den Namen der zu scannenden Spalte. Wenn Sie den Job ausführen, berechnet der Schutz sensibler Daten Statistiken für die angegebene Spalte und gibt die Ergebnisse im CategoricalStatsResult Objekt zurück.

Codebeispiele

Der folgende Beispielcode in mehreren Sprachen veranschaulicht, wie der Schutz sensibler Daten zum Berechnen kategorischer Statistiken verwendet wird.

C#

Informationen zum Installieren und Verwenden der Clientbibliothek für den Schutz sensibler Daten finden Sie unter Clientbibliotheken für den Schutz sensibler Daten.


using Google.Api.Gax.ResourceNames;
using Google.Cloud.Dlp.V2;
using Google.Cloud.PubSub.V1;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using static Google.Cloud.Dlp.V2.Action.Types;
using static Google.Cloud.Dlp.V2.PrivacyMetric.Types;

public class RiskAnalysisCreateCategoricalStats
{
    public static AnalyzeDataSourceRiskDetails.Types.CategoricalStatsResult CategoricalStats(
        string callingProjectId,
        string tableProjectId,
        string datasetId,
        string tableId,
        string topicId,
        string subscriptionId,
        string columnName)
    {
        var dlp = DlpServiceClient.Create();

        // Construct + submit the job
        var config = new RiskAnalysisJobConfig
        {
            PrivacyMetric = new PrivacyMetric
            {
                CategoricalStatsConfig = new CategoricalStatsConfig()
                {
                    Field = new FieldId { Name = columnName }
                }
            },
            SourceTable = new BigQueryTable
            {
                ProjectId = tableProjectId,
                DatasetId = datasetId,
                TableId = tableId
            },
            Actions =
            {
                new Google.Cloud.Dlp.V2.Action
                {
                    PubSub = new PublishToPubSub
                    {
                        Topic = $"projects/{callingProjectId}/topics/{topicId}"
                    }
                }
            }
        };

        var submittedJob = dlp.CreateDlpJob(new CreateDlpJobRequest
        {
            ParentAsProjectName = new ProjectName(callingProjectId),
            RiskJob = config
        });

        // Listen to pub/sub for the job
        var subscriptionName = new SubscriptionName(callingProjectId, subscriptionId);
        var subscriber = SubscriberClient.CreateAsync(
            subscriptionName).Result;

        // SimpleSubscriber runs your message handle function on multiple
        // threads to maximize throughput.
        var done = new ManualResetEventSlim(false);
        subscriber.StartAsync((PubsubMessage message, CancellationToken cancel) =>
        {
            if (message.Attributes["DlpJobName"] == submittedJob.Name)
            {
                Thread.Sleep(500); // Wait for DLP API results to become consistent
                done.Set();
                return Task.FromResult(SubscriberClient.Reply.Ack);
            }
            else
            {
                return Task.FromResult(SubscriberClient.Reply.Nack);
            }
        });

        done.Wait(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(10)); // 10 minute timeout; may not work for large jobs
        subscriber.StopAsync(CancellationToken.None).Wait();

        // Process results
        var resultJob = dlp.GetDlpJob(new GetDlpJobRequest
        {
            DlpJobName = DlpJobName.Parse(submittedJob.Name)
        });

        var result = resultJob.RiskDetails.CategoricalStatsResult;

        for (var bucketIdx = 0; bucketIdx < result.ValueFrequencyHistogramBuckets.Count; bucketIdx++)
        {
            var bucket = result.ValueFrequencyHistogramBuckets[bucketIdx];
            Console.WriteLine($"Bucket {bucketIdx}");
            Console.WriteLine($"  Most common value occurs {bucket.ValueFrequencyUpperBound} time(s).");
            Console.WriteLine($"  Least common value occurs {bucket.ValueFrequencyLowerBound} time(s).");
            Console.WriteLine($"  {bucket.BucketSize} unique value(s) total.");

            foreach (var bucketValue in bucket.BucketValues)
            {
                // 'UnpackValue(x)' is a prettier version of 'x.toString()'
                Console.WriteLine($"  Value {UnpackValue(bucketValue.Value)} occurs {bucketValue.Count} time(s).");
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    public static string UnpackValue(Value protoValue)
    {
        var jsonValue = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Dictionary<string, object>>(protoValue.ToString());
        return jsonValue.Values.ElementAt(0).ToString();
    }
}

Go

Informationen zum Installieren und Verwenden der Clientbibliothek für den Schutz sensibler Daten finden Sie unter Clientbibliotheken für den Schutz sensibler Daten.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	dlp "cloud.google.com/go/dlp/apiv2"
	"cloud.google.com/go/dlp/apiv2/dlppb"
	"cloud.google.com/go/pubsub"
)

// riskCategorical computes the categorical risk of the given data.
func riskCategorical(w io.Writer, projectID, dataProject, pubSubTopic, pubSubSub, datasetID, tableID, columnName string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// dataProject := "bigquery-public-data"
	// pubSubTopic := "dlp-risk-sample-topic"
	// pubSubSub := "dlp-risk-sample-sub"
	// datasetID := "nhtsa_traffic_fatalities"
	// tableID := "accident_2015"
	// columnName := "state_number"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := dlp.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("dlp.NewClient: %w", err)
	}

	// Create a PubSub Client used to listen for when the inspect job finishes.
	pubsubClient, err := pubsub.NewClient(ctx, projectID)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer pubsubClient.Close()

	// Create a PubSub subscription we can use to listen for messages.
	// Create the Topic if it doesn't exist.
	t := pubsubClient.Topic(pubSubTopic)
	topicExists, err := t.Exists(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if !topicExists {
		if t, err = pubsubClient.CreateTopic(ctx, pubSubTopic); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	// Create the Subscription if it doesn't exist.
	s := pubsubClient.Subscription(pubSubSub)
	subExists, err := s.Exists(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if !subExists {
		if s, err = pubsubClient.CreateSubscription(ctx, pubSubSub, pubsub.SubscriptionConfig{Topic: t}); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	// topic is the PubSub topic string where messages should be sent.
	topic := "projects/" + projectID + "/topics/" + pubSubTopic

	// Create a configured request.
	req := &dlppb.CreateDlpJobRequest{
		Parent: fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/global", projectID),
		Job: &dlppb.CreateDlpJobRequest_RiskJob{
			RiskJob: &dlppb.RiskAnalysisJobConfig{
				// PrivacyMetric configures what to compute.
				PrivacyMetric: &dlppb.PrivacyMetric{
					Type: &dlppb.PrivacyMetric_CategoricalStatsConfig_{
						CategoricalStatsConfig: &dlppb.PrivacyMetric_CategoricalStatsConfig{
							Field: &dlppb.FieldId{
								Name: columnName,
							},
						},
					},
				},
				// SourceTable describes where to find the data.
				SourceTable: &dlppb.BigQueryTable{
					ProjectId: dataProject,
					DatasetId: datasetID,
					TableId:   tableID,
				},
				// Send a message to PubSub using Actions.
				Actions: []*dlppb.Action{
					{
						Action: &dlppb.Action_PubSub{
							PubSub: &dlppb.Action_PublishToPubSub{
								Topic: topic,
							},
						},
					},
				},
			},
		},
	}
	// Create the risk job.
	j, err := client.CreateDlpJob(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("CreateDlpJob: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Created job: %v\n", j.GetName())

	// Wait for the risk job to finish by waiting for a PubSub message.
	// This only waits for 10 minutes. For long jobs, consider using a truly
	// asynchronous execution model such as Cloud Functions.
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 10*time.Minute)
	defer cancel()
	err = s.Receive(ctx, func(ctx context.Context, msg *pubsub.Message) {
		// If this is the wrong job, do not process the result.
		if msg.Attributes["DlpJobName"] != j.GetName() {
			msg.Nack()
			return
		}
		msg.Ack()
		time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
		resp, err := client.GetDlpJob(ctx, &dlppb.GetDlpJobRequest{
			Name: j.GetName(),
		})
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "GetDlpJob: %v", err)
			return
		}
		h := resp.GetRiskDetails().GetCategoricalStatsResult().GetValueFrequencyHistogramBuckets()
		for i, b := range h {
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "Histogram bucket %v\n", i)
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "  Most common value occurs %v times\n", b.GetValueFrequencyUpperBound())
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "  Least common value occurs %v times\n", b.GetValueFrequencyLowerBound())
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "  %v unique values total\n", b.GetBucketSize())
			for _, v := range b.GetBucketValues() {
				fmt.Fprintf(w, "    Value %v occurs %v times\n", v.GetValue(), v.GetCount())
			}
		}
		// Stop listening for more messages.
		cancel()
	})
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Receive: %w", err)
	}
	return nil
}

Java

Informationen zum Installieren und Verwenden der Clientbibliothek für den Schutz sensibler Daten finden Sie unter Clientbibliotheken für den Schutz sensibler Daten.


import com.google.api.core.SettableApiFuture;
import com.google.cloud.dlp.v2.DlpServiceClient;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.AckReplyConsumer;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.MessageReceiver;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.Subscriber;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.Action;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.Action.PublishToPubSub;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.AnalyzeDataSourceRiskDetails.CategoricalStatsResult;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.AnalyzeDataSourceRiskDetails.CategoricalStatsResult.CategoricalStatsHistogramBucket;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.BigQueryTable;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.CreateDlpJobRequest;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.DlpJob;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.FieldId;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.GetDlpJobRequest;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.LocationName;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.PrivacyMetric;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.PrivacyMetric.CategoricalStatsConfig;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.RiskAnalysisJobConfig;
import com.google.privacy.dlp.v2.ValueFrequency;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.ProjectSubscriptionName;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.ProjectTopicName;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.PubsubMessage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

class RiskAnalysisCategoricalStats {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String datasetId = "your-bigquery-dataset-id";
    String tableId = "your-bigquery-table-id";
    String topicId = "pub-sub-topic";
    String subscriptionId = "pub-sub-subscription";
    categoricalStatsAnalysis(projectId, datasetId, tableId, topicId, subscriptionId);
  }

  public static void categoricalStatsAnalysis(
      String projectId, String datasetId, String tableId, String topicId, String subscriptionId)
      throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException, IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
    // once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
    // the "close" method on the client to safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (DlpServiceClient dlpServiceClient = DlpServiceClient.create()) {
      // Specify the BigQuery table to analyze
      BigQueryTable bigQueryTable =
          BigQueryTable.newBuilder()
              .setProjectId(projectId)
              .setDatasetId(datasetId)
              .setTableId(tableId)
              .build();

      // The name of the column to analyze, which doesn't need to contain numerical data
      String columnName = "Mystery";

      // Configure the privacy metric for the job
      FieldId fieldId = FieldId.newBuilder().setName(columnName).build();
      CategoricalStatsConfig categoricalStatsConfig =
          CategoricalStatsConfig.newBuilder().setField(fieldId).build();
      PrivacyMetric privacyMetric =
          PrivacyMetric.newBuilder().setCategoricalStatsConfig(categoricalStatsConfig).build();

      // Create action to publish job status notifications over Google Cloud Pub/Sub
      ProjectTopicName topicName = ProjectTopicName.of(projectId, topicId);
      PublishToPubSub publishToPubSub =
          PublishToPubSub.newBuilder().setTopic(topicName.toString()).build();
      Action action = Action.newBuilder().setPubSub(publishToPubSub).build();

      // Configure the risk analysis job to perform
      RiskAnalysisJobConfig riskAnalysisJobConfig =
          RiskAnalysisJobConfig.newBuilder()
              .setSourceTable(bigQueryTable)
              .setPrivacyMetric(privacyMetric)
              .addActions(action)
              .build();

      // Build the job creation request to be sent by the client
      CreateDlpJobRequest createDlpJobRequest =
          CreateDlpJobRequest.newBuilder()
              .setParent(LocationName.of(projectId, "global").toString())
              .setRiskJob(riskAnalysisJobConfig)
              .build();

      // Send the request to the API using the client
      DlpJob dlpJob = dlpServiceClient.createDlpJob(createDlpJobRequest);

      // Set up a Pub/Sub subscriber to listen on the job completion status
      final SettableApiFuture<Boolean> done = SettableApiFuture.create();

      ProjectSubscriptionName subscriptionName =
          ProjectSubscriptionName.of(projectId, subscriptionId);

      MessageReceiver messageHandler =
          (PubsubMessage pubsubMessage, AckReplyConsumer ackReplyConsumer) -> {
            handleMessage(dlpJob, done, pubsubMessage, ackReplyConsumer);
          };
      Subscriber subscriber = Subscriber.newBuilder(subscriptionName, messageHandler).build();
      subscriber.startAsync();

      // Wait for job completion semi-synchronously
      // For long jobs, consider using a truly asynchronous execution model such as Cloud Functions
      try {
        done.get(15, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
      } catch (TimeoutException e) {
        System.out.println("Job was not completed after 15 minutes.");
        return;
      } finally {
        subscriber.stopAsync();
        subscriber.awaitTerminated();
      }

      // Build a request to get the completed job
      GetDlpJobRequest getDlpJobRequest =
          GetDlpJobRequest.newBuilder().setName(dlpJob.getName()).build();

      // Retrieve completed job status
      DlpJob completedJob = dlpServiceClient.getDlpJob(getDlpJobRequest);
      System.out.println("Job status: " + completedJob.getState());
      System.out.println("Job name: " + dlpJob.getName());

      // Get the result and parse through and process the information
      CategoricalStatsResult result = completedJob.getRiskDetails().getCategoricalStatsResult();
      List<CategoricalStatsHistogramBucket> histogramBucketList =
          result.getValueFrequencyHistogramBucketsList();

      for (CategoricalStatsHistogramBucket bucket : histogramBucketList) {
        long mostCommonFrequency = bucket.getValueFrequencyUpperBound();
        System.out.printf("Most common value occurs %d time(s).\n", mostCommonFrequency);

        long leastCommonFrequency = bucket.getValueFrequencyLowerBound();
        System.out.printf("Least common value occurs %d time(s).\n", leastCommonFrequency);

        for (ValueFrequency valueFrequency : bucket.getBucketValuesList()) {
          System.out.printf(
              "Value %s occurs %d time(s).\n",
              valueFrequency.getValue().toString(), valueFrequency.getCount());
        }
      }
    }
  }

  // handleMessage injects the job and settableFuture into the message reciever interface
  private static void handleMessage(
      DlpJob job,
      SettableApiFuture<Boolean> done,
      PubsubMessage pubsubMessage,
      AckReplyConsumer ackReplyConsumer) {
    String messageAttribute = pubsubMessage.getAttributesMap().get("DlpJobName");
    if (job.getName().equals(messageAttribute)) {
      done.set(true);
      ackReplyConsumer.ack();
    } else {
      ackReplyConsumer.nack();
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Informationen zum Installieren und Verwenden der Clientbibliothek für den Schutz sensibler Daten finden Sie unter Clientbibliotheken für den Schutz sensibler Daten.

// Import the Google Cloud client libraries
const DLP = require('@google-cloud/dlp');
const {PubSub} = require('@google-cloud/pubsub');

// Instantiates clients
const dlp = new DLP.DlpServiceClient();
const pubsub = new PubSub();

// The project ID to run the API call under
// const projectId = 'my-project';

// The project ID the table is stored under
// This may or (for public datasets) may not equal the calling project ID
// const tableProjectId = 'my-project';

// The ID of the dataset to inspect, e.g. 'my_dataset'
// const datasetId = 'my_dataset';

// The ID of the table to inspect, e.g. 'my_table'
// const tableId = 'my_table';

// The name of the Pub/Sub topic to notify once the job completes
// TODO(developer): create a Pub/Sub topic to use for this
// const topicId = 'MY-PUBSUB-TOPIC'

// The name of the Pub/Sub subscription to use when listening for job
// completion notifications
// TODO(developer): create a Pub/Sub subscription to use for this
// const subscriptionId = 'MY-PUBSUB-SUBSCRIPTION'

// The name of the column to compute risk metrics for, e.g. 'firstName'
// const columnName = 'firstName';
async function categoricalRiskAnalysis() {
  const sourceTable = {
    projectId: tableProjectId,
    datasetId: datasetId,
    tableId: tableId,
  };

  // Construct request for creating a risk analysis job
  const request = {
    parent: `projects/${projectId}/locations/global`,
    riskJob: {
      privacyMetric: {
        categoricalStatsConfig: {
          field: {
            name: columnName,
          },
        },
      },
      sourceTable: sourceTable,
      actions: [
        {
          pubSub: {
            topic: `projects/${projectId}/topics/${topicId}`,
          },
        },
      ],
    },
  };

  // Create helper function for unpacking values
  const getValue = obj => obj[Object.keys(obj)[0]];

  // Run risk analysis job
  const [topicResponse] = await pubsub.topic(topicId).get();
  const subscription = await topicResponse.subscription(subscriptionId);
  const [jobsResponse] = await dlp.createDlpJob(request);
  const jobName = jobsResponse.name;
  console.log(`Job created. Job name: ${jobName}`);
  // Watch the Pub/Sub topic until the DLP job finishes
  await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    const messageHandler = message => {
      if (message.attributes && message.attributes.DlpJobName === jobName) {
        message.ack();
        subscription.removeListener('message', messageHandler);
        subscription.removeListener('error', errorHandler);
        resolve(jobName);
      } else {
        message.nack();
      }
    };

    const errorHandler = err => {
      subscription.removeListener('message', messageHandler);
      subscription.removeListener('error', errorHandler);
      reject(err);
    };

    subscription.on('message', messageHandler);
    subscription.on('error', errorHandler);
  });
  setTimeout(() => {
    console.log(' Waiting for DLP job to fully complete');
  }, 500);
  const [job] = await dlp.getDlpJob({name: jobName});
  const histogramBuckets =
    job.riskDetails.categoricalStatsResult.valueFrequencyHistogramBuckets;
  histogramBuckets.forEach((histogramBucket, histogramBucketIdx) => {
    console.log(`Bucket ${histogramBucketIdx}:`);

    // Print bucket stats
    console.log(
      `  Most common value occurs ${histogramBucket.valueFrequencyUpperBound} time(s)`
    );
    console.log(
      `  Least common value occurs ${histogramBucket.valueFrequencyLowerBound} time(s)`
    );

    // Print bucket values
    console.log(`${histogramBucket.bucketSize} unique values total.`);
    histogramBucket.bucketValues.forEach(valueBucket => {
      console.log(
        `  Value ${getValue(valueBucket.value)} occurs ${
          valueBucket.count
        } time(s).`
      );
    });
  });
}

await categoricalRiskAnalysis();

PHP

Informationen zum Installieren und Verwenden der Clientbibliothek für den Schutz sensibler Daten finden Sie unter Clientbibliotheken für den Schutz sensibler Daten.

use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\Action;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\Action\PublishToPubSub;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\BigQueryTable;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\Client\DlpServiceClient;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\CreateDlpJobRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\DlpJob\JobState;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\FieldId;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\GetDlpJobRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\PrivacyMetric;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\PrivacyMetric\CategoricalStatsConfig;
use Google\Cloud\Dlp\V2\RiskAnalysisJobConfig;
use Google\Cloud\PubSub\PubSubClient;

/**
 * Computes risk metrics of a column of data in a Google BigQuery table.
 *
 * @param string $callingProjectId The project ID to run the API call under
 * @param string $dataProjectId    The project ID containing the target Datastore
 * @param string $topicId          The name of the Pub/Sub topic to notify once the job completes
 * @param string $subscriptionId   The name of the Pub/Sub subscription to use when listening for job
 * @param string $datasetId        The ID of the dataset to inspect
 * @param string $tableId          The ID of the table to inspect
 * @param string $columnName       The name of the column to compute risk metrics for, e.g. "age"
 */
function categorical_stats(
    string $callingProjectId,
    string $dataProjectId,
    string $topicId,
    string $subscriptionId,
    string $datasetId,
    string $tableId,
    string $columnName
): void {
    // Instantiate a client.
    $dlp = new DlpServiceClient();
    $pubsub = new PubSubClient();
    $topic = $pubsub->topic($topicId);

    // Construct risk analysis config
    $columnField = (new FieldId())
        ->setName($columnName);

    $statsConfig = (new CategoricalStatsConfig())
        ->setField($columnField);

    $privacyMetric = (new PrivacyMetric())
        ->setCategoricalStatsConfig($statsConfig);

    // Construct items to be analyzed
    $bigqueryTable = (new BigQueryTable())
        ->setProjectId($dataProjectId)
        ->setDatasetId($datasetId)
        ->setTableId($tableId);

    // Construct the action to run when job completes
    $pubSubAction = (new PublishToPubSub())
        ->setTopic($topic->name());

    $action = (new Action())
        ->setPubSub($pubSubAction);

    // Construct risk analysis job config to run
    $riskJob = (new RiskAnalysisJobConfig())
        ->setPrivacyMetric($privacyMetric)
        ->setSourceTable($bigqueryTable)
        ->setActions([$action]);

    // Submit request
    $parent = "projects/$callingProjectId/locations/global";
    $createDlpJobRequest = (new CreateDlpJobRequest())
        ->setParent($parent)
        ->setRiskJob($riskJob);
    $job = $dlp->createDlpJob($createDlpJobRequest);

    // Listen for job notifications via an existing topic/subscription.
    $subscription = $topic->subscription($subscriptionId);

    // Poll Pub/Sub using exponential backoff until job finishes
    // Consider using an asynchronous execution model such as Cloud Functions
    $attempt = 1;
    $startTime = time();
    do {
        foreach ($subscription->pull() as $message) {
            if (
                isset($message->attributes()['DlpJobName']) &&
                $message->attributes()['DlpJobName'] === $job->getName()
            ) {
                $subscription->acknowledge($message);
                // Get the updated job. Loop to avoid race condition with DLP API.
                do {
                    $getDlpJobRequest = (new GetDlpJobRequest())
                        ->setName($job->getName());
                    $job = $dlp->getDlpJob($getDlpJobRequest);
                } while ($job->getState() == JobState::RUNNING);
                break 2; // break from parent do while
            }
        }
        print('Waiting for job to complete' . PHP_EOL);
        // Exponential backoff with max delay of 60 seconds
        sleep(min(60, pow(2, ++$attempt)));
    } while (time() - $startTime < 600); // 10 minute timeout

    // Print finding counts
    printf('Job %s status: %s' . PHP_EOL, $job->getName(), JobState::name($job->getState()));
    switch ($job->getState()) {
        case JobState::DONE:
            $histBuckets = $job->getRiskDetails()->getCategoricalStatsResult()->getValueFrequencyHistogramBuckets();

            foreach ($histBuckets as $bucketIndex => $histBucket) {
                // Print bucket stats
                printf('Bucket %s:' . PHP_EOL, $bucketIndex);
                printf('  Most common value occurs %s time(s)' . PHP_EOL, $histBucket->getValueFrequencyUpperBound());
                printf('  Least common value occurs %s time(s)' . PHP_EOL, $histBucket->getValueFrequencyLowerBound());
                printf('  %s unique value(s) total.', $histBucket->getBucketSize());

                // Print bucket values
                foreach ($histBucket->getBucketValues() as $percent => $quantile) {
                    printf(
                        '  Value %s occurs %s time(s).' . PHP_EOL,
                        $quantile->getValue()->serializeToJsonString(),
                        $quantile->getCount()
                    );
                }
            }

            break;
        case JobState::FAILED:
            $errors = $job->getErrors();
            printf('Job %s had errors:' . PHP_EOL, $job->getName());
            foreach ($errors as $error) {
                var_dump($error->getDetails());
            }
            break;
        case JobState::PENDING:
            print('Job has not completed. Consider a longer timeout or an asynchronous execution model' . PHP_EOL);
            break;
        default:
            print('Unexpected job state.');
    }
}

Python

Informationen zum Installieren und Verwenden der Clientbibliothek für den Schutz sensibler Daten finden Sie unter Clientbibliotheken für den Schutz sensibler Daten.

import concurrent.futures

import google.cloud.dlp
import google.cloud.pubsub


def categorical_risk_analysis(
    project: str,
    table_project_id: str,
    dataset_id: str,
    table_id: str,
    column_name: str,
    topic_id: str,
    subscription_id: str,
    timeout: int = 300,
) -> None:
    """Uses the Data Loss Prevention API to compute risk metrics of a column
       of categorical data in a Google BigQuery table.
    Args:
        project: The Google Cloud project id to use as a parent resource.
        table_project_id: The Google Cloud project id where the BigQuery table
            is stored.
        dataset_id: The id of the dataset to inspect.
        table_id: The id of the table to inspect.
        column_name: The name of the column to compute risk metrics for.
        topic_id: The name of the Pub/Sub topic to notify once the job
            completes.
        subscription_id: The name of the Pub/Sub subscription to use when
            listening for job completion notifications.
        timeout: The number of seconds to wait for a response from the API.

    Returns:
        None; the response from the API is printed to the terminal.
    """

    # Instantiate a client.
    dlp = google.cloud.dlp_v2.DlpServiceClient()

    # Convert the project id into full resource ids.
    topic = google.cloud.pubsub.PublisherClient.topic_path(project, topic_id)
    parent = f"projects/{project}/locations/global"

    # Location info of the BigQuery table.
    source_table = {
        "project_id": table_project_id,
        "dataset_id": dataset_id,
        "table_id": table_id,
    }

    # Tell the API where to send a notification when the job is complete.
    actions = [{"pub_sub": {"topic": topic}}]

    # Configure risk analysis job
    # Give the name of the numeric column to compute risk metrics for
    risk_job = {
        "privacy_metric": {
            "categorical_stats_config": {"field": {"name": column_name}}
        },
        "source_table": source_table,
        "actions": actions,
    }

    # Call API to start risk analysis job
    operation = dlp.create_dlp_job(request={"parent": parent, "risk_job": risk_job})

    def callback(message: google.cloud.pubsub_v1.subscriber.message.Message) -> None:
        if message.attributes["DlpJobName"] == operation.name:
            # This is the message we're looking for, so acknowledge it.
            message.ack()

            # Now that the job is done, fetch the results and print them.
            job = dlp.get_dlp_job(request={"name": operation.name})
            print(f"Job name: {job.name}")
            histogram_buckets = (
                job.risk_details.categorical_stats_result.value_frequency_histogram_buckets  # noqa: E501
            )
            # Print bucket stats
            for i, bucket in enumerate(histogram_buckets):
                print(f"Bucket {i}:")
                print(
                    "   Most common value occurs {} time(s)".format(
                        bucket.value_frequency_upper_bound
                    )
                )
                print(
                    "   Least common value occurs {} time(s)".format(
                        bucket.value_frequency_lower_bound
                    )
                )
                print(f"   {bucket.bucket_size} unique values total.")
                for value in bucket.bucket_values:
                    print(
                        "   Value {} occurs {} time(s)".format(
                            value.value.integer_value, value.count
                        )
                    )
            subscription.set_result(None)
        else:
            # This is not the message we're looking for.
            message.drop()

    # Create a Pub/Sub client and find the subscription. The subscription is
    # expected to already be listening to the topic.
    subscriber = google.cloud.pubsub.SubscriberClient()
    subscription_path = subscriber.subscription_path(project, subscription_id)
    subscription = subscriber.subscribe(subscription_path, callback)

    try:
        subscription.result(timeout=timeout)
    except concurrent.futures.TimeoutError:
        print(
            "No event received before the timeout. Please verify that the "
            "subscription provided is subscribed to the topic provided."
        )
        subscription.close()

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