外部應用程式負載平衡器的 Terraform 範例

本頁面提供 Terraform 模組，可用於部署外部應用程式負載平衡器。視偏好的後端類型而定，使用下列其中一個範例部署外部應用程式負載平衡器範例。

如果您是第一次將 Terraform 與 Google Cloud搭配使用，請參閱這篇文章。

如要使用預建的 Terraform 範本，簡化 Google Cloud網路基礎架構的設定和管理作業，請瀏覽 Simplified Cloud Networking Configuration Solutions GitHub 存放區。

後端為代管執行個體群組 (MIG) 的外部應用程式負載平衡器

您可以使用 Terraform 模組，透過 Compute Engine 後端啟動外部 HTTP 負載平衡器。

這個模組會建立多個 Terraform 資源，包括虛擬私有雲網路和子網路、雲端路由器、所有必要的負載平衡器元件，以及後端執行個體群組。如需更多資訊，請下載或複製存放區，然後在 /terraform-google-lb-http/examples/multi-mig-http-lb 目錄中執行 terraform plan 指令。

如要進一步瞭解這個範例及如何執行，請參閱 GitHub 上的 README。

module "gce-lb-http" {
  source  = "terraform-google-modules/lb-http/google"
  version = "~> 12.0"
  name    = var.network_prefix
  project = var.project
  target_tags = [
    "${var.network_prefix}-group1",
    module.cloud-nat-group1.router_name,
    "${var.network_prefix}-group2",
    module.cloud-nat-group2.router_name
  ]
  firewall_networks = [google_compute_network.default.name]

  backends = {
    default = {

      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = {
        request_path = "/"
        port         = 80
      }

      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }

      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig1.instance_group
        },
        {
          group = module.mig2.instance_group
        },
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }
  }
}

後端為 MIG 的外部應用程式負載平衡器和自訂標頭

您可以使用 Terraform 資源，啟動外部應用程式負載平衡器，並搭配已啟用 Cloud CDN 的後端服務和自訂要求與回應標頭。

如要進一步瞭解如何設定負載平衡器，請參閱主要設定指南。

# VPC
resource "google_compute_network" "default" {
  name                    = "l7-xlb-network"
  provider                = google-beta
  auto_create_subnetworks = false
}

# backend subnet
resource "google_compute_subnetwork" "default" {
  name          = "l7-xlb-subnet"
  provider      = google-beta
  ip_cidr_range = "10.0.1.0/24"
  region        = "us-central1"
  network       = google_compute_network.default.id
}

# reserved IP address
resource "google_compute_global_address" "default" {
  provider = google-beta
  name     = "l7-xlb-static-ip"
}

# forwarding rule
resource "google_compute_global_forwarding_rule" "default" {
  name                  = "l7-xlb-forwarding-rule"
  provider              = google-beta
  ip_protocol           = "TCP"
  load_balancing_scheme = "EXTERNAL"
  port_range            = "80"
  target                = google_compute_target_http_proxy.default.id
  ip_address            = google_compute_global_address.default.id
}

# http proxy
resource "google_compute_target_http_proxy" "default" {
  name     = "l7-xlb-target-http-proxy"
  provider = google-beta
  url_map  = google_compute_url_map.default.id
}

# url map
resource "google_compute_url_map" "default" {
  name            = "l7-xlb-url-map"
  provider        = google-beta
  default_service = google_compute_backend_service.default.id
}

# backend service with custom request and response headers
resource "google_compute_backend_service" "default" {
  name                    = "l7-xlb-backend-service"
  provider                = google-beta
  protocol                = "HTTP"
  port_name               = "my-port"
  load_balancing_scheme   = "EXTERNAL"
  timeout_sec             = 10
  enable_cdn              = true
  custom_request_headers  = ["X-Client-Geo-Location: {client_region_subdivision}, {client_city}"]
  custom_response_headers = ["X-Cache-Hit: {cdn_cache_status}"]
  health_checks           = [google_compute_health_check.default.id]
  backend {
    group           = google_compute_instance_group_manager.default.instance_group
    balancing_mode  = "UTILIZATION"
    capacity_scaler = 1.0
  }
}

# instance template
resource "google_compute_instance_template" "default" {
  name         = "l7-xlb-mig-template"
  provider     = google-beta
  machine_type = "e2-small"
  tags         = ["allow-health-check"]

  network_interface {
    network    = google_compute_network.default.id
    subnetwork = google_compute_subnetwork.default.id
    access_config {
      # add external ip to fetch packages
    }
  }
  disk {
    source_image = "debian-cloud/debian-12"
    auto_delete  = true
    boot         = true
  }

  # install nginx and serve a simple web page
  metadata = {
    startup-script = <<-EOF1
      #! /bin/bash
      set -euo pipefail

      export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
      apt-get update
      apt-get install -y nginx-light jq

      NAME=$(curl -H "Metadata-Flavor: Google" "http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/hostname")
      IP=$(curl -H "Metadata-Flavor: Google" "http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/network-interfaces/0/ip")
      METADATA=$(curl -f -H "Metadata-Flavor: Google" "http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/attributes/?recursive=True" | jq 'del(.["startup-script"])')

      cat <<EOF > /var/www/html/index.html
      <pre>
      Name: $NAME
      IP: $IP
      Metadata: $METADATA
      </pre>
      EOF
    EOF1
  }
  lifecycle {
    create_before_destroy = true
  }
}

# health check
resource "google_compute_health_check" "default" {
  name     = "l7-xlb-hc"
  provider = google-beta
  http_health_check {
    port_specification = "USE_SERVING_PORT"
  }
}

# MIG
resource "google_compute_instance_group_manager" "default" {
  name     = "l7-xlb-mig1"
  provider = google-beta
  zone     = "us-central1-c"
  named_port {
    name = "http"
    port = 8080
  }
  version {
    instance_template = google_compute_instance_template.default.id
    name              = "primary"
  }
  base_instance_name = "vm"
  target_size        = 2
}

# allow access from health check ranges
resource "google_compute_firewall" "default" {
  name          = "l7-xlb-fw-allow-hc"
  provider      = google-beta
  direction     = "INGRESS"
  network       = google_compute_network.default.id
  source_ranges = ["130.211.0.0/22", "35.191.0.0/16"]
  allow {
    protocol = "tcp"
  }
  target_tags = ["allow-health-check"]
}

後端為後端值區和 MIG 的外部應用程式負載平衡器

您可以使用 Terraform 模組，啟動外部 HTTPS 負載平衡器，並搭配 Compute Engine 後端，以及從 Cloud Storage 值區提供的靜態資產。

這個模組會建立多個 Terraform 資源，包括 VPC 網路和子網路、Cloud Storage 值區和物件、Cloud Router、自簽 SSL 憑證、所有必要的負載平衡器元件，以及後端執行個體群組。詳情請下載或複製存放區，然後在 /terraform-google-lb-http/examples/multi-backend-multi-mig-bucket-https-lb 目錄中執行 terraform plan 指令。

如要進一步瞭解這個範例及如何執行，請參閱 GitHub 中的 README。

module "gce-lb-https" {
  source  = "terraform-google-modules/lb-http/google"
  version = "~> 12.0"
  name    = var.network_name
  project = var.project
  target_tags = [
    "${var.network_name}-group1",
    module.cloud-nat-group1.router_name,
    "${var.network_name}-group2",
    module.cloud-nat-group2.router_name,
    "${var.network_name}-group3",
    module.cloud-nat-group3.router_name
  ]
  firewall_networks = [google_compute_network.default.self_link]
  url_map           = google_compute_url_map.ml-bkd-ml-mig-bckt-s-lb.self_link
  create_url_map    = false
  ssl               = true
  private_key       = tls_private_key.example.private_key_pem
  certificate       = tls_self_signed_cert.example.cert_pem

  backends = {
    default = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = local.health_check
      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }
      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig1.instance_group
        },
        {
          group = module.mig2.instance_group
        },
        {
          group = module.mig3.instance_group
        },
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }

    mig1 = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = local.health_check
      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }
      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig1.instance_group
        },
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }

    mig2 = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = local.health_check
      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }
      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig2.instance_group
        },
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }

    mig3 = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = local.health_check
      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }
      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig3.instance_group
        },
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }
  }
}

resource "google_compute_url_map" "ml-bkd-ml-mig-bckt-s-lb" {
  // note that this is the name of the load balancer
  name            = var.network_name
  default_service = module.gce-lb-https.backend_services["default"].self_link

  host_rule {
    hosts        = ["*"]
    path_matcher = "allpaths"
  }

  path_matcher {
    name            = "allpaths"
    default_service = module.gce-lb-https.backend_services["default"].self_link

    path_rule {
      paths = [
        "/group1",
        "/group1/*"
      ]
      service = module.gce-lb-https.backend_services["mig1"].self_link
    }

    path_rule {
      paths = [
        "/group2",
        "/group2/*"
      ]
      service = module.gce-lb-https.backend_services["mig2"].self_link
    }

    path_rule {
      paths = [
        "/group3",
        "/group3/*"
      ]
      service = module.gce-lb-https.backend_services["mig3"].self_link
    }

    path_rule {
      paths = [
        "/assets",
        "/assets/*"
      ]
      service = google_compute_backend_bucket.assets.self_link
    }
  }
}

resource "google_compute_backend_bucket" "assets" {
  name        = random_id.assets-bucket.hex
  description = "Contains static resources for example app"
  bucket_name = google_storage_bucket.assets.name
  enable_cdn  = true
}

resource "google_storage_bucket" "assets" {
  name     = random_id.assets-bucket.hex
  location = "US"

  // delete bucket and contents on destroy.
  force_destroy = true
}

// The image object in Cloud Storage.
// Note that the path in the bucket matches the paths in the url map path rule above.
resource "google_storage_bucket_object" "image" {
  name         = "assets/gcp-logo.svg"
  content      = file("gcp-logo.svg")
  content_type = "image/svg+xml"
  bucket       = google_storage_bucket.assets.name
}

// Make object public readable.
resource "google_storage_object_acl" "image-acl" {
  bucket         = google_storage_bucket.assets.name
  object         = google_storage_bucket_object.image.name
  predefined_acl = "publicRead"
}

後端為 Cloud Run 的外部應用程式負載平衡器

您可以使用 Terraform 模組，啟動具備 Cloud Run 後端的外部 HTTPS 負載平衡器。

這個模組會建立多個 Terraform 資源，包括 Cloud Run 服務、自行簽署的 SSL 憑證、設定 HTTP 至 HTTPS 重新導向的網址對應、所有必要的負載平衡器元件，以及後端執行個體群組。如需更多資訊，請下載或複製存放區，並在 /terraform-google-lb-http/examples/cloudrun 目錄中執行 terraform plan 指令。

如要進一步瞭解這個範例及如何執行，請參閱 GitHub 中的 README。

module "lb-http" {
  source  = "terraform-google-modules/lb-http/google//modules/serverless_negs"
  version = "~> 12.0"

  name    = var.lb_name
  project = var.project_id

  ssl                             = var.ssl
  managed_ssl_certificate_domains = [var.domain]
  https_redirect                  = var.ssl
  labels                          = { "example-label" = "cloud-run-example" }

  backends = {
    default = {
      description = null
      groups = [
        {
          group = google_compute_region_network_endpoint_group.serverless_neg.id
        }
      ]
      enable_cdn = false

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
      log_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }
  }
}

resource "google_compute_region_network_endpoint_group" "serverless_neg" {
  provider              = google-beta
  name                  = "serverless-neg"
  network_endpoint_type = "SERVERLESS"
  region                = var.region
  cloud_run {
    service = google_cloud_run_service.default.name
  }
}

resource "google_cloud_run_service" "default" {
  name     = "example"
  location = var.region
  project  = var.project_id

  template {
    spec {
      containers {
        image = "gcr.io/cloudrun/hello"
      }
    }
  }
  metadata {
    annotations = {
      # For valid annotation values and descriptions, see
      # https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/run/deploy#--ingress
      "run.googleapis.com/ingress" = "all"
    }
  }
}

resource "google_cloud_run_service_iam_member" "public-access" {
  location = google_cloud_run_service.default.location
  project  = google_cloud_run_service.default.project
  service  = google_cloud_run_service.default.name
  role     = "roles/run.invoker"
  member   = "allUsers"
}

外部應用程式負載平衡器，並將 HTTP 重新導向至 HTTPS

您可以使用 Terraform 模組，啟動具有 HTTP 至 HTTPS 重新導向功能的外部 HTTPS 負載平衡器。

這個模組會建立多個 Terraform 資源，包括 VPC 網路和子網路、自行簽署的 SSL 憑證、Cloud Router、所有必要的負載平衡器元件，以及後端執行個體群組。如需更多資訊，請下載或複製存放區，然後在 /terraform-google-lb-http/examples/https-redirect 目錄中執行 terraform plan 指令。

如要進一步瞭解這個範例及如何執行，請參閱 GitHub 中的 README。

module "gce-lb-http" {
  source            = "terraform-google-modules/lb-http/google"
  version           = "~> 12.0"
  name              = "ci-https-redirect"
  project           = var.project
  target_tags       = [var.network_name]
  firewall_networks = [google_compute_network.default.name]
  ssl               = true
  ssl_certificates  = [google_compute_ssl_certificate.example.self_link]
  https_redirect    = true

  backends = {
    default = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = {
        request_path = "/"
        port         = 80
      }

      log_config = {
        enable = false
      }

      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig.instance_group
        }
      ]
      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }
  }
}

搭配共用 VPC 的外部應用程式負載平衡器

您可以使用 Terraform 模組，在共用虛擬私有雲設定中啟動外部應用程式負載平衡器。

這個模組會建立多個 Terraform 資源，包括虛擬私有雲網路和子網路、Cloud Router、所有必要的負載平衡器元件，以及後端執行個體群組。如要瞭解詳情，請下載或複製存放區，然後在 /terraform-google-lb-http/examples/shared-vpc 目錄中執行 terraform plan 指令。

如要進一步瞭解這個範例及如何執行，請參閱 GitHub 中的 README。

module "gce-lb-http" {
  source  = "terraform-google-modules/lb-http/google"
  version = "~> 12.0"

  name              = "group-http-lb"
  project           = var.service_project
  target_tags       = ["allow-shared-vpc-mig"]
  firewall_projects = [var.host_project]
  firewall_networks = [var.network]

  backends = {
    default = {
      protocol    = "HTTP"
      port        = 80
      port_name   = "http"
      timeout_sec = 10
      enable_cdn  = false

      health_check = {
        request_path = "/"
        port         = 80
      }

      log_config = {
        enable      = true
        sample_rate = 1.0
      }

      groups = [
        {
          group = module.mig.instance_group
        }
      ]

      iap_config = {
        enable = false
      }
    }
  }
}