Use custom organization policies

Google Cloud Organization Policy gives you centralized, programmatic control over your organization's resources. As the organization policy administrator, you can define an organization policy, which is a set of restrictions called constraints that apply to Google Cloud resources and descendants of those resources in the Google Cloud resource hierarchy. You can enforce organization policies at the organization, folder, or project level.

Organization Policy provides predefined constraints for various Google Cloud services. However, if you want more granular, customizable control over the specific fields that are restricted in your organization policies, you can also create custom organization policies.

Benefits

You can use custom organization policies to allow or deny specific operations on Identity Platform resources for the security, compliance, or governance requirements of your application. For example, you can control the following properties:

You can disable the password login option for applications in your organization and require them to always use the email login option.
You can limit the applications in your organization to use an OIDC identity provider (IdP) with a specified issuer.
You can disable the OIDC and SAML IdP options for applications in your organization.
You can disable the multi-tenancy option for applications in your organization.

Policy inheritance

By default, organization policies are inherited by the descendants of the resources on which you enforce the policy. For example, if you enforce a policy on a folder, Google Cloud enforces the policy on all projects in the folder. To learn more about this behavior and how to change it, refer to Hierarchy evaluation rules.

Pricing

The Organization Policy Service, including predefined and custom organization policies, is offered at no charge.

Limitations

When you enable Identity Platform for a project, Identity Platform creates a default configuration for that project. The project owner can't change the default values of the configuration until after the project is enabled. Changing any of the default values before the project is enabled can cause the enablement to fail. To change the default values of the configuration after enablement, use the updateConfig method.

Before you begin

Connect your app to Identity Platform. For instructions on how to connect your app, see the Quickstart.
Ensure that you know your organization ID.

Required roles

To get the permissions that you need to manage organization policies, ask your administrator to grant you the following IAM roles:

Organization policy administrator (roles/orgpolicy.policyAdmin) on the organization resource
Identity Toolkit Admin (roles/identitytoolkit.admin) on the Identity Platform resource

For more information about granting roles, see Manage access to projects, folders, and organizations.

These predefined roles contain the permissions required to manage organization policies. To see the exact permissions that are required, expand the Required permissions section:

Required permissions

The following permissions are required to manage organization policies:

orgpolicy.constraints.list
orgpolicy.policies.create
orgpolicy.policies.delete
orgpolicy.policies.list
orgpolicy.policies.update
orgpolicy.policy.get
orgpolicy.policy.set

You might also be able to get these permissions with custom roles or other predefined roles.

Create a custom constraint

A custom constraint is defined in a YAML file by the resources, methods, conditions, and actions that are supported by the service on which you are enforcing the organization policy. Conditions for your custom constraints are defined using Common Expression Language (CEL). For more information about how to build conditions in custom constraints using CEL, see the CEL section of Creating and managing custom constraints.

To create a YAML file for a custom constraint:

name: organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/customConstraints/CONSTRAINT_NAME
resourceTypes:
- identitytoolkit.googleapis.com/RESOURCE_NAME
methodTypes: METHOD
condition: CONDITION
actionType: ACTION
displayName: DISPLAY_NAME
description: DESCRIPTION

Replace the following:

ORGANIZATION_ID: your organization ID, such as 123456789.
CONSTRAINT_NAME: the name you want for your new custom constraint. A custom constraint must start with custom., and can only include uppercase letters, lowercase letters, or numbers, for example, custom.allowEmailLinkLogin. The maximum length of this field is 70 characters, not counting the prefix, for example, organizations/123456789/customConstraints/custom.
RESOURCE_NAME: the name (not the URI) of the Identity Platform API REST resource containing the object and field you want to restrict. For example, identitytoolkit.googleapis.com/Config.

CONDITION: a CEL condition that is written against a representation of a supported service resource. This field has a maximum length of 1000 characters. See Supported resources for more information about the resources available to write conditions against. For example, "resource.signIn.email.passwordRequired == true".
METHOD: When creating a config or tenant creation constraint, specify CREATE. When creating a config or tenant UPDATE constraint, specify both as follows:
```
methodTypes:
- CREATE
- UPDATE
```
ACTION: the action to take if the condition is met. This can be either ALLOW or DENY.
DISPLAY_NAME: a human-friendly name for the constraint. This field has a maximum length of 200 characters.
DESCRIPTION: a human-friendly description of the constraint to display as an error message when the policy is violated. This field has a maximum length of 2000 characters.

For more information about how to create a custom constraint, see Defining custom constraints.

Set up a custom constraint

Console

To create a custom constraint, do the following:

In the Google Cloud console, go to the Organization policies page.
Go to Organization policies
From the project picker, select the project that you want to set the organization policy for.
Click Custom constraint.
In the Display name box, enter a human-readable name for the constraint. This name is used in error messages and can be used for identification and debugging. Don't use PII or sensitive data in display names because this name could be exposed in error messages. This field can contain up to 200 characters.
In the Constraint ID box, enter the name that you want for your new custom constraint. A custom constraint can only contain letters (including upper and lowercase) or numbers, for example custom.disableGkeAutoUpgrade. This field can contain up to 70 characters, not counting the prefix (custom.), for example, organizations/123456789/customConstraints/custom. Don't include PII or sensitive data in your constraint ID, because it could be exposed in error messages.
In the Description box, enter a human-readable description of the constraint. This description is used as an error message when the policy is violated. Include details about why the policy violation occurred and how to resolve the policy violation. Don't include PII or sensitive data in your description, because it could be exposed in error messages. This field can contain up to 2000 characters.
In the Resource type box, select the name of the Google Cloud REST resource containing the object and field that you want to restrict—for example, container.googleapis.com/NodePool. Most resource types support up to 20 custom constraints. If you attempt to create more custom constraints, the operation fails.
Under Enforcement method, select whether to enforce the constraint on a REST CREATE method or on both CREATE and UPDATE methods. If you enforce the constraint with the UPDATE method on a resource that violates the constraint, changes to that resource are blocked by the organization policy unless the change resolves the violation.

Not all Google Cloud services support both methods. To see supported methods for each service, find the service in Supported services.

To define a condition, click Edit condition.

In the Add condition panel, create a CEL condition that refers to a supported service resource, for example, resource.management.autoUpgrade == false. This field can contain up to 1000 characters. For details about CEL usage, see Common Expression Language. For more information about the service resources you can use in your custom constraints, see Custom constraint supported services.
Click Save.

Under Action, select whether to allow or deny the evaluated method if the condition is met.

The deny action means that the operation to create or update the resource is blocked if the condition evaluates to true.

The allow action means that the operation to create or update the resource is permitted only if the condition evaluates to true. Every other case except ones explicitly listed in the condition is blocked.

Click Create constraint.

When you have entered a value into each field, the equivalent YAML configuration for this custom constraint appears on the right.

gcloud

To create a custom constraint, create a YAML file using the following format:

      name: organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/customConstraints/CONSTRAINT_NAME
      resourceTypes:
      - RESOURCE_NAME
      methodTypes:
      - CREATE
      condition: "CONDITION"
      actionType: ACTION
      displayName: DISPLAY_NAME
      description: DESCRIPTION

Replace the following:

ORGANIZATION_ID: your organization ID, such as 123456789.
CONSTRAINT_NAME: the name that you want for your new custom constraint. A custom constraint can only contain letters (including upper and lowercase) or numbers, for example, custom.allowEmailLinkLogin. This field can contain up to 70 characters.
RESOURCE_NAME: the fully qualified name of the Google Cloud resource containing the object and field that you want to restrict. For example, identitytoolkit.googleapis.com/Config.
CONDITION: a CEL condition that is written against a representation of a supported service resource. This field can contain up to 1000 characters. For example, "resource.signIn.email.passwordRequired == true".

For more information about the resources available to write conditions against, see Supported resources.

ACTION: the action to take if the condition is met. Can only be ALLOW.

The allow action means that if the condition evaluates to true, the operation to create or update the resource is permitted. This also means that every other case except the one explicitly listed in the condition is blocked.

DISPLAY_NAME: a human-friendly name for the constraint. This field can contain up to 200 characters.
DESCRIPTION: a human-friendly description of the constraint to display as an error message when the policy is violated. This field can contain up to 2000 characters.

After you have created the YAML file for a new custom constraint, you must set it up to make it available for organization policies in your organization. To set up a custom constraint, use the gcloud org-policies set-custom-constraint command:

        gcloud org-policies set-custom-constraint CONSTRAINT_PATH

Replace CONSTRAINT_PATH with the full path to your custom constraint file. For example, /home/user/customconstraint.yaml.

After this operation is complete, your custom constraints are available as organization policies in your list of Google Cloud organization policies.

To verify that the custom constraint exists, use the gcloud org-policies list-custom-constraints command:

      gcloud org-policies list-custom-constraints --organization=ORGANIZATION_ID

Replace ORGANIZATION_ID with the ID of your organization resource.

For more information, see Viewing organization policies.

Enforce a custom organization policy

You can enforce a constraint by creating an organization policy that references it, and then applying that organization policy to a Google Cloud resource.

Console

In the Google Cloud console, go to the Organization policies page.
Go to Organization policies
From the project picker, select the project that you want to set the organization policy for.
From the list on the Organization policies page, select your constraint to view the Policy details page for that constraint.
To configure the organization policy for this resource, click Manage policy.
On the Edit policy page, select Override parent's policy.
Click Add a rule.
In the Enforcement section, select whether this organization policy is enforced or not.
Optional: To make the organization policy conditional on a tag, click Add condition. Note that if you add a conditional rule to an organization policy, you must add at least one unconditional rule or the policy cannot be saved. For more information, see Setting an organization policy with tags.
Click Test changes to simulate the effect of the organization policy. For more information, see Test organization policy changes with Policy Simulator.
To enforce the organization policy in dry-run mode, click Set dry run policy. For more information, see Create an organization policy in dry-run mode.
After you verify that the organization policy in dry-run mode works as intended, set the live policy by clicking Set policy.

gcloud

To create an organization policy with boolean rules, create a policy YAML file that references the constraint:

        name: projects/PROJECT_ID/policies/CONSTRAINT_NAME
        spec:
          rules:
          - enforce: true
        
        dryRunSpec:
          rules:
          - enforce: true

Replace the following:

PROJECT_ID: the project that you want to enforce your constraint on.
CONSTRAINT_NAME: the name you defined for your custom constraint. For example, custom.allowEmailLinkLogin.

To enforce the organization policy in dry-run mode, run the following command with the dryRunSpec flag:

        gcloud org-policies set-policy POLICY_PATH \
          --update-mask=dryRunSpec

Replace POLICY_PATH with the full path to your organization policy YAML file. The policy requires up to 15 minutes to take effect.

After you verify that the organization policy in dry-run mode works as intended, set the live policy with the org-policies set-policy command and the spec flag:

        gcloud org-policies set-policy POLICY_PATH \
          --update-mask=spec

Replace POLICY_PATH with the full path to your organization policy YAML file. The policy requires up to 15 minutes to take effect.

Test the custom organization policy

To test the custom organization policy, try to enable multi-tenancy for the project:

curl -i -X PATCH \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
-H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
-d '
{
  "sign_in": {"email": {"password_required": false}}
}' https://autopush-identitytoolkit.sandbox.googleapis.com/admin/v2/projects/shimingz-playground-1/config\?update_mask\=sign_in.email.password_required

The output should be as follows:

Operation denied by custom org policies: ["customConstraints/custom.allowEmailLinkLogin": "Cannot disable email link login."]

Identity Platform supported resources and operations

Identity Platform supports the following resources for custom organization policies:

Unsupported fields

The following fields are not supported because they pertain to the security of your resource:

identitytoolkit.googleapis.com/Config:
- resource.notification.send_email.smtp.password
identitytoolkit.googleapis.com/DefaultSupportedIdpConfig:
- resource.client_secret
identitytoolkit.googleapis.com/OauthIdpConfig:
- resource.client_secret

Example custom organization policies for common use cases

The following table provides the syntax of some custom organization policies that you might find useful:

Description	Constraint syntax
Don't disable email login for the application	name: organizations/`ORGANIZATION_ID`/customConstraints/custom.enableEmailLogin resourceTypes: - identitytoolkit.googleapis.com/Config methodTypes: - CREATE - UPDATE condition: "resource.signIn.email.enabled == true" actionType: ALLOW displayName: Enable email login description: All applications must have email login enabled.
Only allow login with Google with specific Google client ID	name: organizations/`ORGANIZATION_ID`/customConstraints/custom.denyUnexpectedGoogleClientId resourceTypes: - identitytoolkit.googleapis.com/DefaultSupportedIdpConfig methodTypes: - CREATE - UPDATE condition: "resource.name.contains('google.com') && !resource.client_id == 'my-client-id'" actionType: DENY displayName: Only allow login with Google with specific Google client ID description: Only allow login with Google with specific Google client ID for all applications.
Only allow a specific SAML entity	name: organizations/`ORGANIZATION_ID`/customConstraints/custom.allowSpecificSamlEntity resourceTypes: - identitytoolkit.googleapis.com/InboundSamlConfig methodTypes: - CREATE - UPDATE condition: "resource.idp_config.idp_entity_id == 'my-saml-entity-id'" actionType: ALLOW displayName: Only allow a specific SAML entity description: Only allow a specific SAML entity for applications in this organization.
Allow OIDC IdP with code flow	name: organizations/`ORGANIZATION_ID`/customConstraints/custom.allowOauthIdpWithCodeFlow resourceTypes: - identitytoolkit.googleapis.com/OauthIdpConfig methodTypes: - CREATE - UPDATE condition: "resource.response_type.code == true" actionType: ALLOW displayName: Allow OIDC IdP with code flow description: All OIDC IdP must use code flow.
Allow SMS region in US	name: organizations/`ORGANIZATION_ID`/customConstraints/custom.allowSmsRegion resourceTypes: - identitytoolkit.googleapis.com/Tenant methodTypes: - CREATE - UPDATE condition: "resource.sms_region_config.allow_by_default.disallowed_regions.exists(disallowed_region, disallowed_region != 'US')" actionType: DENY displayName: Allow SMS region in US description: Only allow SMS to be operated in the US for all applications.

What's next

See Introduction to the Organization Policy Service to learn more about organization policies.
Learn more about how to create and manage organization policies.
See the full list of predefined Organization policy constraints.