本文說明 Privileged Access Manager 的稽核記錄。 Google Cloud 服務會產生稽核記錄,記錄 Google Cloud 資源中的管理和存取活動。如要進一步瞭解 Cloud 稽核記錄,請參閱下列文章:
服務名稱
Privileged Access Manager 稽核記錄會使用服務名稱 privilegedaccessmanager.googleapis.com。篩選這項服務:
protoPayload.serviceName="privilegedaccessmanager.googleapis.com"
依權限類型劃分的方法
每個 IAM 權限都有 type 屬性,其值為列舉,可以是下列四個值之一:ADMIN_READ、ADMIN_WRITE、DATA_READ 或 DATA_WRITE。呼叫方法時,Privileged Access Manager 會產生稽核記錄,記錄的類別取決於執行方法所需的權限的 type 屬性。如果方法需要 IAM 權限,且 type 屬性值為 DATA_READ、DATA_WRITE 或 ADMIN_READ,就會產生「資料存取」稽核記錄。需要 IAM 權限且 type 屬性值為 ADMIN_WRITE 的方法,會產生管理員活動稽核記錄。
| 權限類型 | 方法 |
|---|---|
ADMIN_READ |
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.CheckOnboardingStatusgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetEntitlementgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetGrantgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListEntitlementsgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListGrantsgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.CheckOnboardingStatusgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetEntitlementgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetGrantgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListEntitlementsgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListGrantsgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.CheckOnboardingStatusgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetEntitlementgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetGrantgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListEntitlementsgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListGrants |
ADMIN_WRITE |
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.ApproveGrantgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateEntitlement (LRO)google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateGrantgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.DeleteEntitlement (LRO)google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.DenyGrantgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.RevokeGrant (LRO)google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.UpdateEntitlement (LRO)google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.ApproveGrantgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateEntitlement (LRO)google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateGrantgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.DeleteEntitlement (LRO)google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.DenyGrantgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.RevokeGrant (LRO)google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.UpdateEntitlement (LRO)google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.ApproveGrantgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateEntitlement (LRO)google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateGrantgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.DeleteEntitlement (LRO)google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.DenyGrantgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.RevokeGrant (LRO)google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.UpdateEntitlement (LRO) |
API 介面稽核記錄
如要瞭解如何評估每種方法的權限,請參閱 Privileged Access Manager 的 Identity and Access Management 說明文件。
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager
下列稽核記錄與屬於 google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager 的方法相關聯。
ApproveGrant
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.ApproveGrant - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.approve - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.ApproveGrant"
CheckOnboardingStatus
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.CheckOnboardingStatus - 稽核記錄類型:資料存取
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.locations.checkOnboardingStatus - ADMIN_READ
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.CheckOnboardingStatus"
CreateEntitlement
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateEntitlement - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.entitlements.create - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
長時間執行的作業
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateEntitlement"
CreateGrant
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateGrant - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.create - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateGrant"
DeleteEntitlement
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.DeleteEntitlement - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.entitlements.delete - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
長時間執行的作業
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.DeleteEntitlement"
DenyGrant
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.DenyGrant - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.deny - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.DenyGrant"
GetEntitlement
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetEntitlement - 稽核記錄類型:資料存取
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.entitlements.get - ADMIN_READ
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetEntitlement"
GetGrant
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetGrant - 稽核記錄類型:資料存取
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.get - ADMIN_READ
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetGrant"
ListEntitlements
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListEntitlements - 稽核記錄類型:資料存取
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.entitlements.list - ADMIN_READ
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListEntitlements"
ListGrants
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListGrants - 稽核記錄類型:資料存取
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.list - ADMIN_READ
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListGrants"
RevokeGrant
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.RevokeGrant - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.revoke - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
長時間執行的作業
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.RevokeGrant"
UpdateEntitlement
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.UpdateEntitlement - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.entitlements.update - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
長時間執行的作業
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.UpdateEntitlement"
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager
下列稽核記錄與屬於 google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager 的方法相關聯。
ApproveGrant
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.ApproveGrant - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.approve - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.ApproveGrant"
CheckOnboardingStatus
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.CheckOnboardingStatus - 稽核記錄類型:資料存取
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.locations.checkOnboardingStatus - ADMIN_READ
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.CheckOnboardingStatus"
CreateEntitlement
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateEntitlement - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.entitlements.create - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
長時間執行的作業
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateEntitlement"
CreateGrant
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateGrant - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.create - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateGrant"
DeleteEntitlement
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.DeleteEntitlement - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.entitlements.delete - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
長時間執行的作業
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.DeleteEntitlement"
DenyGrant
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.DenyGrant - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.deny - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.DenyGrant"
GetEntitlement
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetEntitlement - 稽核記錄類型:資料存取
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.entitlements.get - ADMIN_READ
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetEntitlement"
GetGrant
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetGrant - 稽核記錄類型:資料存取
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.get - ADMIN_READ
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetGrant"
ListEntitlements
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListEntitlements - 稽核記錄類型:資料存取
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.entitlements.list - ADMIN_READ
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListEntitlements"
ListGrants
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListGrants - 稽核記錄類型:資料存取
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.list - ADMIN_READ
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListGrants"
RevokeGrant
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.RevokeGrant - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.revoke - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
長時間執行的作業
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.RevokeGrant"
UpdateEntitlement
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.UpdateEntitlement - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.entitlements.update - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
長時間執行的作業
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.UpdateEntitlement"
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager
下列稽核記錄與屬於 google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager 的方法相關聯。
ApproveGrant
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.ApproveGrant - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.approve - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.ApproveGrant"
CheckOnboardingStatus
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.CheckOnboardingStatus - 稽核記錄類型:資料存取
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.locations.checkOnboardingStatus - ADMIN_READ
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.CheckOnboardingStatus"
CreateEntitlement
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateEntitlement - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.entitlements.create - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
長時間執行的作業
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateEntitlement"
CreateGrant
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateGrant - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.create - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.CreateGrant"
DeleteEntitlement
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.DeleteEntitlement - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.entitlements.delete - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
長時間執行的作業
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.DeleteEntitlement"
DenyGrant
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.DenyGrant - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.deny - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.DenyGrant"
GetEntitlement
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetEntitlement - 稽核記錄類型:資料存取
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.entitlements.get - ADMIN_READ
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetEntitlement"
GetGrant
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetGrant - 稽核記錄類型:資料存取
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.get - ADMIN_READ
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.GetGrant"
ListEntitlements
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListEntitlements - 稽核記錄類型:資料存取
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.entitlements.list - ADMIN_READ
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListEntitlements"
ListGrants
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListGrants - 稽核記錄類型:資料存取
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.list - ADMIN_READ
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
否。
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.ListGrants"
RevokeGrant
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.RevokeGrant - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.grants.revoke - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
長時間執行的作業
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.RevokeGrant"
UpdateEntitlement
- 方法:
google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.UpdateEntitlement - 稽核記錄類型:管理員活動
- 權限:
privilegedaccessmanager.entitlements.update - ADMIN_WRITE
- 方法是長時間執行的作業或串流作業:
長時間執行的作業
- 篩選這個方法:
protoPayload.methodName="google.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.UpdateEntitlement"
系統事件
系統事件稽核記錄是由 GCP 系統產生,而非使用者直接操作。詳情請參閱「系統事件稽核記錄」。
| 方法名稱 | 篩選這個活動 | 附註 |
|---|---|---|
| PAMActivateGrant |
protoPayload.methodName="PAMActivateGrant"
|
|
| PAMDeleteGrant |
protoPayload.methodName="PAMDeleteGrant"
|
|
| PAMEndGrant |
protoPayload.methodName="PAMEndGrant"
|
|
| PAMExpireGrant |
protoPayload.methodName="PAMExpireGrant"
|
|
| PAMReportExternalGrantModification |
protoPayload.methodName="PAMReportExternalGrantModification"
|
不會產生稽核記錄的方法
方法可能不會產生稽核記錄,原因如下:
- 這項方法會產生大量記錄,因此記錄產生和儲存成本相當高。
- 稽核價值偏低。
- 其他稽核或平台記錄已提供方法涵蓋範圍。
下列方法不會產生稽核記錄:
google.cloud.location.Locations.GetLocationgoogle.cloud.location.Locations.ListLocationsgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.SearchEntitlementsgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1.PrivilegedAccessManager.SearchGrantsgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.SearchEntitlementsgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1alpha.PrivilegedAccessManager.SearchGrantsgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.SearchEntitlementsgoogle.cloud.privilegedaccessmanager.v1beta.PrivilegedAccessManager.SearchGrantsgoogle.longrunning.Operations.CancelOperationgoogle.longrunning.Operations.DeleteOperationgoogle.longrunning.Operations.GetOperationgoogle.longrunning.Operations.ListOperationsgoogle.longrunning.Operations.WaitOperation