Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL release notes

This page documents production updates to Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL. You can check this page for announcements about new or updated features, bug fixes, known issues, and deprecated functionality.

You can see the latest product updates for all of Google Cloud on the Google Cloud page, browse and filter all release notes in the Google Cloud console, or programmatically access release notes in BigQuery.

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November 05, 2025

Feature

The rollout of the following extension versions, plugin versions, and extension support is underway:

Extensions and plugins

plpgsql_check is upgraded from 2.8.1 to 2.8.3 for PostgreSQL versions 14 and later.
pg_wait_sampling is upgraded from 1.1.6 to 1.1.9 for PostgreSQL versions 13 and later.
tds_fdw is upgraded from 2.0.4 to 2.0.5.

The following extensions are available for PostgreSQL 18:

anon
pg_hint_plan
pg_wait_sampling
plpgsql_check
tds_fdw

To use these versions of the extensions and plugins, update your instance to [PostgreSQL version].R20251004.01_14.

If you use a maintenance window, then the updates to the minor, extension, and plugin versions happen according to the timeframe that you set in the window. Otherwise, the updates occur within the next few weeks.

For more information on checking your maintenance version, see Self-service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

October 23, 2025

Feature

Cloud SQL now proactively detects and works to cancel high memory usage connections to prevent out-of-memory (OOM) failures. For more information, see Cancelled queries due to high memory usage.

October 17, 2025

Feature

Cloud SQL Enterprise edition now supports a new machine series called the N4 machine series. This machine series provides balanced price-to-performance and uses the Hyperdisk Balanced storage. You can create custom machine types for the N4 machine series with up to 80 vCPUs and up to 640 GB memory. The N4 machine series is generally available (GA).

For more information about the N4 machine series and its availability, see Machine series overview.

Feature

The C4A machine series is now generally available (GA).

The C4A machine series is supported for Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition instances, and provides optimized price-performance and delivers predictable high performance for high demand Cloud SQL workloads. It uses the Hyperdisk Balanced storage.

For more information about the C4A machine series and its availability, see Machine series overview.

October 06, 2025

Feature

You can now assess the upgrade readiness of your Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL instances before a major version upgrade by running a precheck. This precheck either confirms your instance can be upgraded, or lists issues and their solutions that need to be fixed prior to upgrading. For more information, see Assess upgrade readiness for your instance.

October 03, 2025

Feature

Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL now supports PostgreSQL version 18 in Preview.

PostgreSQL 18 is a newly supported version. We strongly recommend that you review the changes in the release and validate the readiness of your instance thoroughly prior to upgrading your instance to this version.

The following information applies to flags and extensions for PostgreSQL 18:

Flags

The following new flags are available for PostgreSQL 18 only:

autovacuum_vacuum_max_threshold
autovacuum_worker_slots
enable_distinct_reordering
enable_self_join_elimitation
io_max_concurrency
io_method
io_workers
log_lock_failures
max_active_replecation_origins
track_cost_delay_timing
vacuum_max_eager_freeze_failure_rate
vacuum_truncate

For more information, see Configure database flags.

Extensions

The following extensions aren't available for PostgreSQL 18:

pgRouting
plpgsql_check
pg_hint_plan
pgrouting
anonymizer
pg_wait_sampling
tds_fdw

For more information, see Configure PostgreSQL extensions.

To create a new instance using PostgreSQL 18, see Create instances.

September 25, 2025

Feature

Cloud SQL Managed Connection Pooling is now generally available (GA). Managed Connection Pooling lets you scale your workloads by optimizing resource utilization for Cloud SQL instances using pooling. You can now also use IAM authentication to secure connections when using Managed Connection Pooling.

For more information, see Managed Connection Pooling overview.

September 23, 2025

Feature

You can now provision, manage and query your databases using the dedicated Gemini CLI extension for Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL. The extension provides full lifecycle control of your database—from provisioning instances, to exploring schemas and troubleshooting issues—from your command-line interface.

For more information, see Use Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL with MCP, Gemini CLI, and other agents.

Feature

You can now retain point-in-time recovery (PITR) logs for an instance after its deletion for a specified retention period. These logs can be used to restore the deleted instance to a specific point in time. For more information, see Restore a deleted instance using PITR.

September 17, 2025

Feature

The rollout of the following minor version upgrades is complete:

Minor versions

13.21 is upgraded to 13.22.
14.18 is upgraded to 14.19.
15.13 is upgraded to 15.14.
16.9 is upgraded to 16.10.
17.5 is upgraded to 17.6.

Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL adds support for the following extensions:

Extensions

plpgsql_check 2.8 is available for PostgreSQL version 14 and later.
roaringbitmap 0.5 is available for PostgreSQL version 12 and later.

To use these minor versions and the new extensions, update your instance to [PostgreSQL version].R20250727.00_23.

For more information on checking your maintenance version, see Self-service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

September 12, 2025

Feature

If a specific active query is blocked or running much longer than expected, it can block other dependent queries. Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL offers an optional feature that lets you terminate specific long-running or blocked active queries.

For more information, see Blocked active queries (Preview).

September 09, 2025

Feature

The rollout of the following extension versions is complete:

Extensions and plugins

pg_ivm is upgraded from 1.9 to 1.11.
pg_background is upgraded from 1.2 to 1.3.
google_ml_integration is upgraded from 1.4.2 to 1.4.3.

To use these versions of the extensions, update your instance to [PostgreSQL version].R20250727.00_14. If you use a maintenance window, then the updates to the minor, extension, and plugin versions happen according to the timeframe that you set in the window. Otherwise, the updates occur within the next few weeks.

For more information on checking your maintenance version, see Self-service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

September 08, 2025

Feature

You can have Cloud SQL create a Private Service Connect endpoint automatically. You can use this endpoint to access Cloud SQL instances through a VPC network. For more information, see Create a Private Service Connect endpoint automatically.

This feature is now generally available (GA).

September 04, 2025

Change

The release note on August 13, 2025 regarding Private Service Connect (PSC) outbound connectivity has been updated.

PSC outbound connectivity is required for homogeneous migrations to PSC-enabled Cloud SQL instances using Database Migration Service. For more information, see PSC outbound connections.

August 21, 2025

Feature

You can save and manage SQL queries in Cloud SQL Studio. This feature is in Preview. For more information, see Saved queries overview.

August 15, 2025

Feature

Now you can create an IPv6 endpoint for Private Service Connect (PSC) connections. For more information, see Connect to an instance using Private Service Connect.

Feature

Now you can use Private Service Connect backends, as an alternative to Private Service Connect endpoints, to access Cloud SQL instances.

Deprecated

You can no longer set a deny maintenance period for instances that are running a maintenance version older than 12 months. To update your instance, perform self-service maintenance or wait until the next maintenance window to update your instance automatically. For more information about maintenance, see Maintenance updates on Cloud SQL instances.

August 13, 2025

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports Private Service Connect (PSC) outbound connectivity. With PSC outbound connectivity, you can attach a PSC interface to your existing Cloud SQL PSC-enabled instances to allow your instances to make outbound connections to your network. This is required for homogeneous migrations to PSC-enabled Cloud SQL instances using Database Migration Service. For more information, see PSC outbound connections.

August 07, 2025

Change

Cloud SQL for Enterprise Plus edition supports quality enhancements for AI-assisted troubleshooting. With AI-assisted troubleshooting, you can resolve complex database performance issues like slow queries and high load for your instances in a guided manner. To use AI-assisted troubleshooting, you need Gemini Cloud Assist and query insights for Enterprise Plus edition.

August 04, 2025

Issue

PostgreSQL has identified a bug in PostgreSQL's May 8, 2025 release that is causing logical replication to halt. Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL released [PostgreSQL version].R20250302.00_19 on May 22, 2025, which is impacted by this bug.

If you use logical replication with your Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL instances, then we recommend that you don't update your instances to this version or any self-service maintenance version released after May 22, 2025, due to this PostgreSQL bug. We also recommend not performing a major version upgrade on your instances, since it adopts the latest self-service maintenance version.

We expect a fix for this issue in the next automatically-scheduled maintenance. For more information about this bug, see Logical replication 'invalid memory alloc request size 1585837200' after upgrading to 17.5.

July 31, 2025

Feature

Cloud SQL now offers two options of backup services to manage your instance's backups:

Enhanced backups (Preview): backups are managed and stored in a centralized backup management project that leverages the Backup and DR service, and provides enforced retention, granular scheduling, and longer retention.
Standard backups (existing option): backups are created, managed, and stored in the same project as your Cloud SQL instances.

You can choose between these options based on your instance's requirements and needs. Although instances can't use both backup options at the same time, Cloud SQL gives you the ability to switch between these backup options as necessary.

For more information about the available options and their limitations, see Backup options.

July 02, 2025

Feature

The write endpoint feature for Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition instances is now generally available (GA). This endpoint is a global domain name service (DNS) name and resolves to the IP address of the current primary Cloud SQL instance that's enabled with private services access.

By using a write endpoint, you can avoid having to make application connection changes after performing a switchover or replica failover operation to test or mitigate a region failure.

For more information, see Connect to an instance using a write endpoint.

May 22, 2025

Feature

You can now create an instance with both private services access and Private Service Connect enabled. You can also enable Private Service Connect on an existing private services access instance. This feature is now generally available (GA).

For more information, see Configure both private services access and Private Service Connect.

Feature

The rollout of the following minor versions, extension versions, and plugin versions is complete:

Minor versions

13.20 is upgraded to 13.21.
14.17 is upgraded to 14.18.
15.12 is upgraded to 15.13.
16.8 is upgraded to 16.9.
17.4 is upgraded to 17.5.

Extensions and plugins

pg_squeeze is upgraded from 1.5 to 1.8 for all PostgreSQL versions 12 and above.

To use these versions of the extensions, update your instance to [PostgreSQL version].R20250302.00_19.

For more information on checking your maintenance version, see Self-service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

May 15, 2025

Feature

You can now use advanced disaster recovery (DR) for your Private Service Connect (PSC) enabled Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition instances. With advanced DR, you can:

Designate a cross-region disaster recovery (DR) replica
Perform a cross-region replica failover for disaster recovery
Restore your original deployment by using zero-data loss switchover

You can also use switchover to simulate disaster recovery without data loss. For more information, see Use advanced disaster recovery (DR). This feature is generally available (GA).

May 08, 2025

Change

If you create an instance using the Google Cloud Console, then the per-instance CA (GOOGLE_MANAGED_INTERNAL_CA) option is now the default server certificate authority (CA) mode for your Cloud SQL instance.

For users of the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy:

If the Cloud SQL instance to which you're connecting is using shared certificate authority (CA) for its serverCaMode setting, then on the client side, you must use Cloud SQL Auth Proxy version 2.13.0 or later.
If the Cloud SQL instance to which you're connecting is using customer-managed CA for its serverCaMode setting, then on the client side, you must use Cloud SQL Auth Proxy version 2.14.3 or later.

May 07, 2025

Feature

You can migrate to AlloyDB for PostgreSQL using your Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL backup (GA). The Google Cloud CLI is also supported. For more information, see Migrate from Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL to AlloyDB.

May 02, 2025

Feature

You can now set up custom DNS names by configuring the custom subject alternative name (SAN) for your instance. After you set up DNS name resolution, you can connect to your Cloud SQL instance using the custom DNS name instead of using an IP address. This feature is available only for instances that are configured with the customer-managed certificate authority (CA) (CUSTOMER_MANAGED_CAS_CA) option as its server CA mode.

Custom SAN configuration for instances is generally available (GA).

May 01, 2025

Feature

Cloud SQL gives you the flexibility to choose between three CA hierarchy options when you create a Cloud SQL instance.

You can choose between the per-instance CA (GOOGLE_MANAGED_INTERNAL_CA), the shared CA (GOOGLE_MANAGED_CAS_CA), or the customer-managed CA (CUSTOMER_MANAGED_CAS_CA) options as the server certificate authority (CA) mode for your instance. If you create an instance using the Google Cloud Console, then the shared CA option, (GOOGLE_MANAGED_CAS_CA), is the default configuration. If you create an instance using gcloud, the Cloud SQL Admin REST API, or Terraform, then the per-instance CA option (GOOGLE_MANAGED_INTERNAL_CA) is the default configuration.

The shared CA and customer-managed CA options are now generally available (GA).

April 30, 2025

Feature

The rollout of the following extension versions and plugin versions is complete:

Extensions and plugins

pg_partman is upgraded from 5.0.1 to 5.2.4 (for PostgreSQL versions 14 and later).

To use this version of the extension, update your instance to [PostgreSQL version].R20250302.00_10.

For more information on checking your maintenance version, see Self-service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

April 24, 2025

Feature

Private Service Connect endpoint propagation is now generally available (GA). You can use the Network Connectivity Center hub to propagate the Private Service Connect endpoints of your Cloud SQL instances in a VPC network.

April 09, 2025

Feature

Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition now supports a new machine series called the C4A machine series, which provides optimized price-performance and delivers predictable high performance for high demand Cloud SQL workloads. C4A uses a new type of storage called Hyperdisk Balanced, and offers up to 72 vCPUs and up to 576 GB memory. The C4A machine series is available in Preview.

For more information about the C4A machine series and its availability, see Machine series overview.

Feature

Query insights for Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition is now generally available (GA) for your Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition for PostgreSQL instances. Query insights for Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition offers fine-grained metrics such as wait events and granular query plan samples for faster root-cause analysis and intelligent index recommendations.

For more information, see Use query insights to improve query performance.

Feature

Cloud SQL for Enterprise Plus edition supports AI-assisted troubleshooting. With AI-assisted troubleshooting, you can resolve complex database performance issues like slow queries and high load for your instances in a guided manner. To use AI-assisted troubleshooting, you need Gemini Cloud Assist and query insights for Enterprise Plus edition. AI-assisted troubleshooting is available in Preview.

April 04, 2025

Feature

The rollout of the following extension versions and plugin versions is complete:

Extensions and plugins

PostGIS is upgraded from 3.4.4 to 3.5.2.

To use these versions of the extensions, update your instance to [PostgreSQL version]. R20250302.00_04.

For more information on checking your maintenance version, see Self-service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

March 31, 2025

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports Managed Connection Pooling (MCP) in Preview, which lets you scale your workloads by optimizing resource utilization for your Cloud SQL instances using pooling. To use Managed Connection Pooling, update your instance to [PostgreSQL version].R20250302.00_04.

For more information, see Managed Connection Pooling overview.

March 25, 2025

Feature

Cloud SQL read pools provide operational simplicity and scaling for your large read workloads.

Read pools provide a single endpoint in front of up to 20 read pool nodes and automatically load balance traffic.

You can scale your read pool in several ways:

Scale in or out: scale load balancing capacity horizontally by modifying the number of read pool nodes in the read pool. Each read pool supports up to 20 read pool nodes.
Scale up or down: scale load balancing capacity vertically by modifying the machine type associated with a read pool node. Once defined, configuration is uniformly applied across each read pool node in the read pool.

For more information, see About read pools.

March 24, 2025

Feature

Cloud SQL now lets you retain existing backups after an instance is deleted. These consist of on-demand and automatic backups created when the instance was live. For more information, see Retained backups.

March 03, 2025

Feature

The rollout of the following minor versions, extension versions, and plugin versions is complete:

Minor versions

12.21 is upgraded to 12.22.
13.18 is upgraded to 13.20.
14.15 is upgraded to 14.17.
15.10 is upgraded to 15.12
16.6 is upgraded to 16.8.
17.2 is upgraded to 17.4.

Extensions and plugins

PostGIS is upgraded from 3.4.3 to 3.4.4.

To use these versions of the extensions, update your instance to [PostgreSQL version].R20250112.01_14.

For more information on checking your maintenance version, see Self-service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

February 26, 2025

Feature

You can now include replicas when you perform an in-place major version upgrade using gcloud or the Cloud SQL Admin API. For more information, see Upgrade the database major version in-place.

February 25, 2025

Feature

You can now export or import all user databases in an instance using a directory-formatted, parallel export or import operation.

February 20, 2025

Feature

You can now create a final backup of your data before you delete a Cloud SQL instance. You can use the final backup to restore your data to a new instance. This way, you can recover your data after you delete the instance. For more information, see About Cloud SQL backups.

February 12, 2025

Feature

Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL now supports the tds_fdw extension. This extension provides a foreign data wrapper (fdw) for accessing databases that use the Tabular Data Stream (TDS) protocol, such as Microsoft SQL Server or Sybase. Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL supports tds_fdw version 2.0.4. For more information about using this extension, see Configure PostgreSQL extensions.

You can now perform pg_replication_origin_* functions as a database user with the cloudsqlsuperuser role. For more information about cloudsqlsuperuser, see About PostgreSQL users and roles.

The rollout of the following extension version is underway:

rdkit is upgraded from 4.3.0 to 4.6.1

If you use a maintenance window, then the updates to the extension version happen according to the timeframe that you set in the window. Otherwise, the updates occur within the next few weeks.

The new maintenance version is [PostgreSQL version].R20250112.01_03. To learn how to check your maintenance version, see Self-service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

February 11, 2025

Feature

You can now use a custom DNS name to connect to your Cloud SQL instances by adding a custom subject alternative name (SAN) to your Cloud SQL instances. This feature is available for instances that are configured with Customer Managed CAS CA.. For more information, see Create instances.

You can also add, modify, and remove a custom SAN for existing Cloud SQL instances. For more information, see Edit instances.

This feature is available in Preview.

February 05, 2025

Feature

You can now configure customer-managed CA (CUSTOMER_MANAGED_CAS_CA) as the server certificate authority (CA) mode when you create a Cloud SQL instance. With customer-managed CA mode, you set up your own CA pool and CA in Certificate Authority Service. This option lets you establish your own CA hierarchy and manage the rotation of CA certificates for your Cloud SQL instances to help you meet your regulatory compliance needs.

To use the customer-managed CA option in Cloud SQL, see Use a customer-managed certificate authority (CA). For more information about server CA mode options, see Certificate authority (CA) hierarchies. The customer-managed CA feature is in Preview.

Feature

You can now migrate a subset of databases from an external server to a destination Cloud SQL instance. For more information, see Configure Cloud SQL and the external server for replication.

January 17, 2025

Feature

Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL version 17 adds support for the following extensions and plugins:

Extensions and plugins

ip4r
oracle_fdw
orafce
pg_background
pg_bigm
pgfincore
pg_hint_plan
pg_partman
pg_proctab
pgrouting
pg_similarity
pgtap
pgtt
pg_wait_sampling
PL/Proxy
plv8
postgresql_anonymizer
postgresql_hll
prefix
temporal_tables

Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL version 17 doesn't support:

rdkit
pg_squeeze

To use these extensions and plugins in your PostgreSQL 17 instance, update your instance to the POSTGRES_17_2.R20241011.00_11 maintenance version.

To learn how to check your maintenance version, see Self service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

To start using PostgreSQL 17, see Create instances.

December 23, 2024

Feature

The rollout of the following minor versions, extension versions, and plugin versions is complete:

Minor versions

12.20 is upgraded to 12.21. This version restores functionality of the ALTER {ROLE|DATABASE} SET role command that's present in PostgreSQL version 12.22. For more information, see the PostgreSQL 12.22 release notes.
13.16 is upgraded to 13.18.
14.13 is upgraded to 14.15.
15.8 is upgraded to 15.10.
16.4 is upgraded to 16.6.
17.0 is upgraded to 17.2.

Extension and plugin versions

orafce is upgraded from 4.7 to 4.73 (for PostgreSQL instances, versions 11-16).
pgAudit is upgraded from 17beta to 17.1 (for PostgreSQL instances, version 17).

To use these versions of the extensions, update your instance to one of the following:

POSTGRES_17_0.R20241011.00_11 (for PostgreSQL instances, version 17)
[PostgreSQL version].R20240910.01_31 (for PostgreSQL instances, versions 12 to 16)

For more information on checking your maintenance version, see Self-service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

December 20, 2024

Feature

You can now enable query insights for Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition. When you enable query insights for Enterprise Plus, you can access additional features in query insights such as 30 days of metrics retention, granular query plan details, and a higher query length limit.

For more information, see Use query insights to improve query performance. Query insights for Cloud SQL Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition is in Preview.

December 05, 2024

Feature

Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition now supports the following regions:

africa-south1 (Johannesburg)
asia-east2 (Hong Kong)
europe-west10 (Berlin)

December 03, 2024

Feature

You can now use the Network Connectivity Center hub to propagate Private Service Connect endpoints of Cloud SQL instances in a VPC network. All endpoints in this network become accessible transitively to other spoke VPC networks through the hub. This feature is available in Preview.

November 27, 2024

Feature

You can now create instances with both private services access and Private Service Connect enabled for them. You can also enable Private Service Connect for existing private services access instances. This feature is available in Preview. For more information, see Configure both private services access and Private Service Connect.

November 21, 2024

Feature

You can now set up AlloyDB clusters using a copy of your Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL backup. This feature is in Preview. For more information, see Migrate from Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL to AlloyDB.

November 20, 2024

Feature

You can now authenticate to Cloud SQL Studio by using IAM database authentication.

For more information about authentication in Cloud SQL Studio, see Manage your data using Cloud SQL Studio.

November 19, 2024

Feature

For Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition instances, you can now use advanced disaster recovery (DR) to simplify recovery and fallback processes after you perform a cross-regional failover. With advanced DR, you can:

Designate a cross-region disaster recovery (DR) replica
Perform a cross-region replica failover for disaster recovery
Restore your original deployment by using zero-data loss switchover

You can also use switchover to simulate disaster recovery without data loss. You can use advanced DR on Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL version 12, 13, 14, 15, or 16.

For more information, see Advanced disaster recovery (DR) and Use advanced disaster recovery (DR). This feature is generally available (GA).

Feature

The write endpoint feature is now available in Preview. This endpoint is a global domain name service (DNS) name. This name resolves to the IP address of the current primary Cloud SQL instance that's enabled with private services access.

By using a write endpoint, you can avoid having to make application connection changes after performing a switchover or replica failover operation to test or mitigate a regional failure. For more information, see Configure private IP.

November 18, 2024

Feature

The pgvector extension is now upgraded from version 0.7.4 to version 0.8.0. Use this extension to store and search for vector embeddings in PostgreSQL databases. For more information, see Configure PostgreSQL extensions.

To use this version of the extension, update your instance to one of the following:

POSTGRES_17_0.R20241011.00_03 (for PostgreSQL instances, version 17)
[PostgreSQL version].R20240910.01_17 (for PostgreSQL instances, versions 13 to 16)

For more information, see Self-service maintenance.

Feature

Support for the northamerica-south1 (Mexico) region.

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports near-zero downtime when you enable or disable data cache for Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition primary instances. For more information, see Availability in Cloud SQL.

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports near-zero downtime for infrequent scale downs (once every three hours) of the compute size (vCPU, memory) of your Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition primary instance.

For more information, see Availability in Cloud SQL.

November 15, 2024

Feature

You can now register an AI model endpoint, generate vector embeddings, and invoke predictions by using model endpoint management in Cloud SQL. For more information, see Register and call remote AI models in Cloud SQL overview.

November 14, 2024

Feature

You can now create custom organization policies for the BackupRun resource in Cloud SQL instances. In addition, more fields in the Instances resource are available to create custom organization policies. For more information, see Add custom organization policies.

November 04, 2024

Feature

You can now view the size of a backup for a Cloud SQL instance.

October 25, 2024

Feature

When you run the backupRuns.GET API or the gcloud sql backups describe command, the maxChargeableBytes parameter now appears in the response. This parameter contains the maximum number of bytes that you can be charged for a backup.

October 23, 2024

Feature

PostgreSQL version 17 is now generally available.

When using the CLI/API to create an instance, if the database version for the instance or replica that you're creating is PostgreSQL 16 and later, then the default Cloud SQL edition is Enterprise Plus.

When using the CLI/API to create an instance, If you either don't specify a database version or you specify a version other than PostgreSQL 16 and later, then the default Cloud SQL edition is Enterprise.

The following information applies to flags and extensions for PostgreSQL 17:

Flags

These flags are deprecated for PostgreSQL 17:

old_snapshot_threshold
trace_recovery_messages

For more information, see Configure database flags.

Extensions

Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL version 17 doesn't support these extensions:

ip4r
oracle_fdw
orafce
pg_background
pg_bigm
pgfincore
pg_hint_plan
pg_partman
pg_proctab
pgrouting
pg_similarity
pg_squeeze
pgtap
pgtt
pg_wait_sampling
PL/Proxy
plv8
postgresql_anonymizer
postgresql_hll
prefix
rdkit
temporal_tables

To start using PostgreSQL 17, see Create instances.

October 21, 2024

Feature

You can now create a read replica for an instance that has private services access configured for it and connector enforcement enabled for it. For more information, see Connect using Cloud SQL Language Connectors.

October 03, 2024

Feature

The pg_ivm extension, version 1.9, is generally available. This extension enables you to make materialized views up-to-date in which only incremental changes are computed and applied on views rather than recomputing the contents from scratch.

Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL, version 16, now supports the pgRouting extension. This extension extends PostGIS and enhances geospatial processing through network routing and analysis.

For more information on these extensions, see Configure PostgreSQL extensions.

The rollout of the following minor versions, extension versions, and plugin versions is underway:

Minor versions

12.19 is upgraded to 12.20.
13.15 is upgraded to 13.16.
14.12 is upgraded to 14.13.
15.7 is upgraded to 15.8.
16.3 is upgraded to 16.4.

Extension and plugin versions

google_ml_integration is upgraded from 1.2 to 1.4.2.
pgvector is upgraded from 0.7.0 to 0.7.4.

The new maintenance version is [PostgreSQL version].R20240910.01.00_02. To learn how to check your maintenance version, see Self service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

Feature

You can now configure server certificate authority (CA) mode when you create a Cloud SQL instance. With server CA mode, you have two options:

Per-instance CA: this is the default configuration. With this option, an internal CA dedicated to each Cloud SQL instance signs the server certificate for that instance.
Shared CA: with this option, the Cloud SQL instance uses a CA hierarchy consisting of a root CA and subordinate server CAs managed by Cloud SQL and hosted on Google Cloud Certificate Authority Service (CA Service). The subordinate server CAs in a region sign the server certificates and are shared across instances in the region.

For more information about each option, see Certificate authority (CA) hierarchies. This feature is in Preview.

September 25, 2024

Feature

You can now set up AlloyDB free trial clusters using a copy of your Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL backup. For more information, see Migrate from Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL to AlloyDB.

September 19, 2024

Feature

You can now use gcloud or the Cloud SQL Admin API to switch the storage location of the transaction logs used for point-in-time recovery on your instance without downtime to Cloud Storage. For more information, see Use point-in-time recovery and Switch transaction log storage to Cloud Storage.

September 12, 2024

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports near-zero downtime planned maintenance on standalone Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition primary instances. In addition, you can also simulate near-zero downtime for planned maintenance events on standalone Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition primary instances.

For more information, see About maintenance on Cloud SQL instances.

Feature

You can now provide access to Cloud SQL Studio by granting a new IAM role, Cloud SQL Studio User (roles/cloudsql.studioUser), instead of using the Cloud SQL Admin IAM role.

For more information about using Cloud SQL Studio, see Manage your data using Cloud SQL Studio.

Feature

You can now upgrade your instances to Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition with near-zero downtime. To upgrade your instance, see Upgrade an instance to Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition using in-place upgrade.

August 15, 2024

Announcement

Extended support pricing is now available for Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL. To view pricing details, see Cloud SQL pricing.

For more information about extended support, see Extended support for Cloud SQL.

For more information about extended support timelines, see Database versions and version policies.

Change

If your Cloud SQL Enterprise edition instance stores the transaction logs used for point-in-time recovery (PITR) on disk, then when you do an in-place upgrade to Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition the storage location for the transaction logs is switched to Cloud Storage. For more information, see Upgrade an instance to Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition by using in-place upgrade.

To check where your instance stores the transaction logs used for PITR, see Use point-in-time recovery (PITR).

July 31, 2024

Feature

Gemini in Databases assistance in Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL is now available in Preview for query insights, system insights, index advisor, and active queries. You can use Gemini assistance to help you observe and troubleshoot your Cloud SQL resources. For more information, see Observe and troubleshoot with Gemini assistance.

July 26, 2024

Feature

IAM group authentication is now generally available (GA) for Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL. You can add IAM groups to Cloud SQL instances and manage database access at the group level. To use IAM group authentication, you must have [PostgreSQL version].R20240514.00_04 or later installed on your instance.

July 25, 2024

Change

You can now upgrade the network architecture of a Cloud SQL instance that isn't enabled with high-availability. The previous limitation on upgrading the network architecture of these instances is removed. To check whether your Cloud SQL instance has high availability enabled, see Verify an instance's high availability configuration.

For more information about upgrading your network architecture, see Upgrade an instance to the new network architecture.

July 18, 2024

Feature

You can now create custom organization policies for Cloud SQL instances. For more information, see Add custom organization policies.

July 17, 2024

Feature

You can now use the following optional flags when you export and import files into Cloud SQL instances:

--clean: if you export files, then this flag enables you to include the DROP <object> SQL statement that's required to drop (clean) database objects before you import them. If you import files, then this flag enables you to clean database objects before you recreate them.
--if-exists: this flag enables you to include the IF EXISTS SQL statement with each DROP statement that's produced by the clean flag.

If you import files, then these flags apply only if you use the --parallel flag. If you export files, then use these flags only if you're not exporting files in parallel.

July 16, 2024

Feature

Cloud SQL Studio is now generally available. For more information, see Manage your data using Cloud SQL Studio.

Feature

You can now search for and manage your Cloud SQL resources by using Dataplex Catalog. For more information about the integration of Cloud SQL and Dataplex Catalog, see Manage your Cloud SQL resources using Dataplex Catalog.

July 02, 2024

Feature

Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition now supports the southamerica-west1 (Santiago) region.

June 21, 2024

Feature

You can now use the in-place major version upgrade feature to upgrade your Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL instance to PostgreSQL 16.

June 20, 2024

Feature

You can now use the gcloud sql instances describe command or the SQL Admin API to retrieve a list of database versions that are available to your PostgreSQL instance for upgrade. For more information, see Plan a major version upgrade.

June 10, 2024

Feature

The temporal_tables extension, version 1.2.2 is generally available. This extension provides support for temporal tables. A temporal table records the period of time when a row is valid from a database perspective. For more information, see Configure PostgreSQL extensions.

You can now perform CREATE CAST and DROP CAST statements as a database user with the cloudsqlsuperuser role. For more information, see About PostgreSQL users and roles.

The rollout of the following minor versions, extension versions, and plugin versions is underway:

Minor versions

12.17 is upgraded to 12.19.
13.13 is upgraded to 13.15.
14.10 is upgraded to 14.12.
15.5 is upgraded to 15.7.

Extension and plugin versions

google_ml_integration is upgraded from 1.2 to 1.3.
pg_partman is upgraded from 4.7.4 to 5.0.1 (for PostgreSQL versions 14 and later).
pgvector is upgraded from 0.6.0 to 0.7.0.
Plv8 is upgraded from 3.2.0 to 3.2.2.
PostGIS is upgraded from 3.2.5 to 3.4.0 (for PostgreSQL versions 12 and later).

The new maintenance version is [PostgreSQL version].R20240514.00_04. To learn how to check your maintenance version, see Self service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

Feature

You can now choose to receive a maintenance notification 5 weeks before the maintenance update of your Cloud SQL instance is scheduled to occur. This option is named Week 5.

In addition, some labels in the Google Cloud Console have been renamed to align with this new option:

Order of update is renamed to Maintenance timing
Earlier is renamed to Week 1
Later is renamed to Week 2

For more information, see Maintenance settings and Find and set maintenance windows.

June 07, 2024

Feature

PostgreSQL version 16 is now generally available.

When you use gcloud or the API to create an instance or replica, the following conditions now apply:

If the database version for the instance or replica that you're creating is PostgreSQL 16, then the default Cloud SQL edition is Enterprise Plus.
If you either don't specify a database version or you specify a version other than PostgreSQL 16, then the default Cloud SQL edition is Enterprise.

You can't use the in place major version upgrade feature to upgrade your Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL instance to PostgreSQL 16.

To start using PostgreSQL 16, see Create instances.

May 29, 2024

Announcement

Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL major versions that have reached community end-of-life (EOL) will receive extended support starting on February 1, 2025. For more information about extended support, see Extended support for Cloud SQL.

For more information about extended support timelines, see Database versions and version policies.

May 23, 2024

Breaking

Monitoring active queries in Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL, which is part of the Gemini in Databases Preview, is temporarily unavailable. You can still monitor completed queries. For more information about monitoring queries, see Use Query Insights to improve query performance.

April 09, 2024

Feature

The following Gemini in Databases features are now available in Public Preview:

Database Center: an AI-assisted dashboard that gives you one centralized view across your entire database fleet.
Cloud SQL Studio: lets authorized users interact directly with the SQL database and run SQL queries from the Google Cloud console to access and manipulate data.
Monitor active queries: monitor and troubleshoot the queries that are active in your database.
Index advisor: a fully managed index advisor that tracks the queries your database handles regularly.
4-week query metric retention in the Query Insights dashboard.
15 new database insight recommendations.

To learn how to enable and activate Gemini in Databases, see Set up Gemini in Databases.

April 08, 2024

Feature

Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition primary instances with high availability (HA) now require less than one second of downtime for planned maintenance.

April 03, 2024

Feature

You can now migrate data in the tables of your database in parallel. There's a performance improvement because Cloud SQL can transfer the data with parallel processes within a database. You can set the speed that Cloud SQL transfers this data to min, optimal, or max.

April 02, 2024

Change

Version 0.6.0 of the pgvector extension that's listed in the March 27 release note isn't available yet. Use version 0.5.1 of this extension.

March 27, 2024

Announcement

The rollout of the following items in the February 7 release note is now complete:

Extensions
Flags
Minor versions
Extension versions
Plugin versions

Announcement

The pgvector extension is upgraded from version 0.5.1 to version 0.6.0. Use this extension to store and search for vector embeddings in PostgreSQL databases. For more information, see Configure PostgreSQL extensions.

To use this version of the extension, update your instance to [PostgreSQL version].R20240130.00_07. For more information, see Self-service maintenance.

March 26, 2024

Feature

You can now integrate Cloud SQL and Vertex AI. This integration lets you apply large language models (LLMs), which are hosted in Vertex AI, to a Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL database, version 12 and later. For more information, see Integrate Cloud SQL with Vertex AI.

March 25, 2024

Feature

Private Service Connect now includes support for cross-region read replicas. You can also choose an availability type (REGIONAL or ZONAL) for Private Service Connect-enabled instances. Both features are in GA.

March 19, 2024

Feature

Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition now supports the me-central2 (Dammam) region.

March 05, 2024

Feature

You can now upgrade network architecture for your HA-enabled instances in a region, even if you have multiple instances in your network and region. For more information, see Upgrade an instance to the new network architecture.

March 04, 2024

Announcement

The new maintenance version listed in the February 7th entry for PostgreSQL extensions, flags, minor versions, extension versions, and plugin versions is [PostgreSQL version].R20240130.00_05.

February 20, 2024

Feature

Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition now supports versions 12 and 13 of PostgreSQL. For more information, see Introduction to Cloud SQL editions.

February 09, 2024

Feature

Cloud SQL now automatically updates your read replicas when you perform self-service maintenance on the primary instance. For more information, see Self-service maintenance.

February 08, 2024

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports near-zero downtime planned maintenance on HA-enabled Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus instances with all combinations of public IP connectivity.

February 07, 2024

Feature

The rollout of the following extensions and flags is underway:

Extensions

autoinc (version 1.0): provides functions for incrementing fields automatically. This trigger stores the next value of a sequence into an integer field.
bloom (version 1.0): provides a method to access indexes based on bloom filters. These filters are space-efficient data structures that you can use to test whether an element is a member of a set.
insert_username (version 1.0): provides functions for storing the current user's name into a text field. You can use this to track who last modified a row in a database table.
moddatetime (version 1.0): provides functions for storing the current time into a timestamp field. You can use this to track the last time that a row in a database table is modified.
pg_background (version 1.2): lets you run arbitrary commands in a background worker.
pg_squeeze (version 1.5): removes unused space from a table and lets you use an index to sort records or rows (tuples) of the table.
tcn (version 1.0): provides a trigger function that notifies listeners of changes to the content of database tables.

Flags

cloudsql.enable_pg_squeeze: enables the pg_squeeze extension for Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL
squeeze.max_xlock_time: sets the time (in milliseconds) that the extension uses to finalize the processing for modifying a table
squeeze.worker_autostart: starts a background worker automatically
squeeze.worker_role: specifies the role for the background worker

The rollout of the following minor versions, extension versions, and plugin versions is underway:

Minor versions

11.21 is upgraded to 11.22.
12.16 is upgraded to 12.17.
13.12 is upgraded to 13.13.
14.9 is upgraded to 14.10.
15.4 is upgraded to 15.5.

Extension and plugin versions

ipr4 is upgraded from 2.4.1 to 2.4.2.
orafce is upgraded, as follows:
- from 3.25.1 to 4.6.1 (for PostgreSQL versions 9.6 and 10)
- from 4.6.1 to 4.7.0 (for PostgreSQL versions 11 and later)
pg_cron is upgraded from 1.5.2 to 1.6.0.
pgfincore is upgraded from 1.2.3 to 1.3.1.
pg_partman is upgraded from 4.7.3 to 4.7.4.
pg_repack is upgraded from 1.4.8 to 1.5.0.
pgTAP is upgraded from 1.2.0 to 1.3.0.
pgtt is upgraded from 2.9.0 to 3.0.
pg_wait_sampling is upgraded from 1.1.4 to 1.1.5.
PL/Proxy is upgraded from 2.10.0 to 2.11.0.
plv8 is upgraded from 3.1.4 to 3.2.0.
postgresql_hll is upgraded from 2.17 to 2.18.

The new maintenance version is [PostgreSQL version].R20240130.00_00. To learn how to check your maintenance version, see Self service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

February 01, 2024

Feature

For more information, see Connect to an instance using Private Service Connect.

January 31, 2024

Feature

Support for africa-south1 (Johannesburg) region.

January 30, 2024

Feature

You can now use the pg_dump and pg_restore utilities to export and import data for multiple files in parallel. For more information, see Export and import files in parallel.

January 25, 2024

Feature

Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition now supports the following regions:

asia-northeast2 (Osaka)
asia-south2 (Delhi)
europe-north1 (Finland)
europe-southwest1 (Madrid)
us-east5 (Columbus)
us-south1 (Dallas)

December 18, 2023

Feature

Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition now supports the following regions:

europe-west8 (Milan)
europe-west12 (Turin)
us-west4 (Las Vegas)

December 14, 2023

Feature

You can now use Database Migration Service to migrate data to an existing Cloud SQL instance that was created using Terraform or other Infrastructure-As-Code (IaC) Tools.

December 13, 2023

Feature

The following flags are generally available:

autovacuum_vacuum_insert_scale_factor: specify a fraction of the size of a database table to add to the autovacuum_vacuum_insert_threshold flag. Use this flag when you're deciding whether to run a VACUUM.
autovacuum_vacuum_insert_threshold: specify the minimum number of inserted records or rows (tuples) that you need to run a VACUUM in any database table.
effective_io_concurrency: set the number of concurrent disk I/O operations that can run simultaneously.
hash_mem_multiplier: compute the maximum amount of memory that hash-based operations can use.
logical_decoding_work_mem: specify the maximum amount of memory that logical decoding can use before some of the decoded changes are written to a local disk.
maintenance_io_concurrency: set the number of concurrent disk I/O operations that can run simultaneously for maintenance work that's done for client sessions.
vacuum_failsafe_age: specify the maximum age (in transactions) that a database table's pg_class.relfrozenxid field can attain before a VACUUM takes extraordinary measures to avoid a system-wide wraparound failure for transaction IDs.
vacuum_multixact_failsafe_age: specify the maximum age (in multiple transactions) that a database table's pg_class.relminmxid field can attain before a VACUUM takes extraordinary measures to avoid a system-wide wraparound failure for multiple transaction IDs.

December 11, 2023

Feature

The pgvector extension, version 0.5.1 is generally available. Use this extension to store and search for vector embeddings in PostgreSQL databases. For more information, see Configure PostgreSQL extensions.

December 08, 2023

Feature

You can now upgrade your Cloud SQL instances to use the new network architecture to get additional capabilities not available in the old network architecture. For more information, see Upgrade an instance to the new network architecture.

November 17, 2023

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports migrating data to an instance that already exists. You can create the instance by using Terraform or other Infrastructure-As-Code (IaC) Tools. After creating the instance, use the demote API to migrate data to it. This API demotes an existing standalone instance to be a Cloud SQL read replica for an external database server.

November 10, 2023

Feature

You can now upgrade Enterprise edition instances to Enterprise Plus edition in place with minimal disruption. Similarly, you can also switch from Enterprise Plus edition to Enterprise edition in place. For more information, see Upgrade an instance by using in-place upgrade.

November 09, 2023

Feature

Data cache is now available for Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL Enterprise Plus edition instances.

November 06, 2023

Feature

Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition now supports asia-southeast2 (Jakarta).

October 27, 2023

Feature

You can now specify the SSL mode of your Cloud SQL instances, which gives you more accurate SSL encryption. To use SSL mode, you must use the maintenance version [PostgreSQL version].R20230530.01_00 or newer. For more information, see Enforce SSL/TLS encryption.

October 02, 2023

Change

For Cloud SQL Enterprise edition and Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition, you can restore backups across instances of different editions.

September 28, 2023

Feature

The following pg_wait_sampling and rdkit flags are generally available:

pg_wait_sampling flags

cloudsql.enable_pg_wait_sampling: enable the pg_wait_sampling extension for Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL instances.
pg_wait_sampling.history_size: set the size of the in-memory ring buffer for history sampling, in terms of the number of samples.
pg_wait_sampling.history_period: set the time interval for history sampling, in milliseconds.
pg_wait_sampling.profile_period: set the time interval for profile sampling for wait events, in milliseconds.
pg_wait_sampling.profile_pid: specify whether the wait profile that accumulates samples for each process and waits event is collected for each process or for all processes.
pg_wait_sampling.profile_queries: specify whether the wait profile is collected for each query or for all queries.

rdkit flags

rdkit.tanimoto_threshold: set the threshold value for the Tanimoto similarity operator.
rdkit.dice_threshold: set the threshold value for the Dice similarity operator.
rdkit.do_chiral_sss: specify whether stereochemistry is used in substructure matching.
rdkit.do_enhanced_stereo_sss: specify whether enhanced stereo is used in substructure matching.
rdkit.sss_fp_size: set the size of the fingerprint used for substructure screening, in bits.
rdkit.morgan_fp_size: set the size of morgan fingerprints, in bits.
rdkit.featmorgan_fp_size: set the size of featmorgan fingerprints, in bits.
rdkit.layered_fp_size: set the size of layered fingerprints, in bits.
rdkit.rdkit_fp_size: set the size of rdkit fingerprints, in bits.
rdkit.hashed_torsion_fp_size: set the size of topological torsion bit vector fingerprints, in bits.
rdkit.hashed_atompair_fp_size: set the size of atom pair bit vector fingerprints, in bits.
rdkit.reaction_sss_fp_size: set the size of the structural chemical reaction fingerprint, in bits.
rdkit.reaction_difference_fp_size: set the size of the difference chemical reaction fingerprint, in bits.
rdkit.reaction_sss_fp_type: specify the type of structural chemical reaction fingerprint.
rdkit.reaction_difference_fp_type: specify the type of difference chemical reaction fingerprint.
rdkit.ignore_reaction_agents: specify whether agents of a chemical reaction are taken into account.
rdkit.agent_FP_bit_ratio: specify the weight of the impact of agents contained in a chemical reaction fingerprint.
rdkit.move_unmmapped_reactants_to_agents: specify whether unmapped reactant agents of a chemical reaction are taken into account.
rdkit.threshold_unmapped_reactant_atoms: set the ratio of allowed unmapped reactant atoms.
rdkit.init_reaction: specify whether the reaction is ready for use.
rdkit.difference_FP_weight_agents: specify the weight factor for agents compared to reactants and products in reaction difference fingerprints.
rdkit.difference_FP_weight_nonagents: specify the weight factor for reactants and products compared to agents in reaction difference fingerprints.
rdkit.avalon_fp_size: set the size of avalon fingerprints, in bits.

September 26, 2023

Feature

Cloud SQL supports the preview version of the enable-high-availability recommender. This service proactively generates recommendations that help you bring your important instances within SLA by providing data redundancy. This might be helpful during a zonal outage or when an instance runs out of memory. For more information, see Improve instance reliability by enabling high availability.

September 21, 2023

Feature

The rollout of the oracle_fdw extension, version 1.2 is underway. This extension provides a foreign data wrapper for accessing Oracle databases easily and efficiently. For more information, see Configure PostgreSQL extensions.

The rollout of the following minor versions, extension versions, and plugin versions is underway:

Minor versions

11.19 is upgraded to 11.21.
12.14 is upgraded to 12.16.
13.10 is upgraded to 13.12.
14.7 is upgraded to 14.9.
15.2 is upgraded to 15.4.

Extension and plugin versions

orafce is upgraded from 3.24.4 to 3.25.1.
pglogical is upgraded from 2.4.2 to 2.4.3.
pgvector is upgraded from 0.4.2 to 0.5.0.
PostGIS is upgraded from 3.2.3 to 3.2.5.

The new maintenance version is [PostgreSQL version].R20230830.01_00. To learn how to check your maintenance version, see Self service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

September 19, 2023

Feature

Support for me-central2 (Dammam) region.

August 31, 2023

Feature

The pgvector extension, version 0.4.2 is generally available. Use this extension to store and search for vector embeddings in PostgreSQL databases.

August 28, 2023

Feature

You can now set password policies for local database users of Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL instances.

August 22, 2023

Feature

Support for europe-west10 (Berlin) region.

Feature

Support for europe-west10 (Berlin) region.

August 21, 2023

Feature

Private Service Connect is now GA for Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL. This solution allows you to connect to a Cloud SQL instance from multiple VPC networks that belong to different groups, teams, projects, or organizations.

August 18, 2023

Feature

Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition now supports four new regions:

europe-central2 (Warsaw)
europe-west9 (Paris)
southamerica-east1 (San Paulo)
us-west1 (Oregon)

August 17, 2023

Feature

You can now re-encrypt an existing Cloud SQL CMEK-enabled primary instance or replica with a new primary key version.

Feature

You can now re-encrypt an existing Cloud SQL CMEK-enabled primary instance or replica with a new primary key version.

August 11, 2023

Feature

Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition now supports the asia-northeast3 (Seoul) region.

August 09, 2023

Feature

You can now upgrade a Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL instance to Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition by using IP allowlists and VPC Peering.

August 03, 2023

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports multiple categories of API rate quotas. Rate quotas for each category are imposed per minute, per project, per region, and per user. For more information about rate quotas for each category, see Quotas and limits.

Feature

The Cloud SQL Node.js Language Connector is now available for public preview.

July 18, 2023

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports default maintenance windows for your instances. With this release, an instance without a user-specified maintenance window is maintained outside of the typical business hours for the time zone that the instance is deployed in.

July 12, 2023

Feature

Cloud SQL now offers two editions of Cloud SQL to support your various business and application needs: Cloud SQL Enterprise Plus edition and Cloud SQL Enterprise edition. Each edition provides different performance and availability characteristics to meet the needs of your applications.

Cloud SQL Editions are only available for Cloud SQL for MySQL and Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL.

For more information about Cloud SQL editions, see Introduction to Cloud SQL editions.

July 11, 2023

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports cancelling the import and export of data into Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL instances.

July 06, 2023

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports non-RFC 1918 IP address ranges, including privately used public IP addresses. This enables you to create instances and replicas in a non-RFC 1918 IP address range. Additionally, you can connect to an instance from an application that is running in a non-RFC 1918 IP address range.

June 30, 2023

Feature

For our preferred partners and allowlisted customers, Private Service Connect is now available. This solution allows you to connect to a Cloud SQL instance from multiple VPC networks that belong to different groups, teams, projects, or organizations. To use Private Service Connect, contact your Technical Account Manager.

June 15, 2023

Feature

The Cloud SQL System insights dashboard is now generally available and includes more metrics. You can also use the Customize dashboard option to personalize the dashboard and choose the metrics you want to see on it.

June 02, 2023

Feature

The rollout of the following minor versions, extension versions, and plugin versions is currently underway:

Minor versions

10.22 is upgraded to 10.23.
11.17 is upgraded to 11.19.
12.12 is upgraded to 12.14.
13.8 is upgraded to 13.10.
14.5 is upgraded to 14.7.

Extension and plugin versions

pg_cron is upgraded from 1.4.1 to 1.5.
pg_partman is upgraded from 4.7.0 to 4.7.3.
postgresql-hll is upgraded from 2.16 to 2.17.
pg_repack is upgraded from 1.4.7 to 1.4.8.
wal2json is upgraded from 2.4 to 2.5.
pg_hint_plan is upgraded, as follows:
- from 1.3.7 to 1.3.8 (for PostgreSQL versions 11-13)
- from 1.4.0 to 1.4.1 (for PostgreSQL version 14)
- from 1.4.0 to 1.5.0 (for PostgreSQL version 15)

The new maintenance version is [PostgreSQL version].R20230530.01_00. To learn how to check your maintenance version, see Self service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

May 24, 2023

Feature

PostgreSQL version 15 is now generally available. To start using PostgreSQL 15, see Create instances.

May 19, 2023

Feature

The following extensions, views, utilities, and flags are generally available:

Extensions

postgresql_anonymizer: mask or replace personally identifiable information (PII) or sensitive data from a PostgreSQL database.
pgtt: create, manage and use Oracle-style global temporary tables.
rdkit: compare, manipulate, and identify molecular structures.

Views and utilities

pg_authid: access this catalog table that contains hashed passwords and other properties for all database roles.
pg_dumpall: extract all PostgreSQL databases of a cluster into a single script file.

Flags

log_line_prefix: generate a printf-style string at the beginning of each line of a PostgreSQL log file.

The rollout of the following minor versions, extension versions, and plugin versions is currently underway:

Minor versions

10.21 is upgraded to 10.22.
11.16 is upgraded to 11.17.
12.11 is upgraded to 12.12.
13.7 is upgraded to 13.8.
14.4 is upgraded to 14.5.

Extension and plugin versions

plv8 is upgraded from 3.1.2 to 3.1.4.
wal2json is upgraded from 2.3 to 2.4.
pgTAP is upgraded from 1.1.0 to 1.2.0.
PostGIS is upgraded from 3.1.4 to 3.1.7.
pg_partman is upgraded from 4.5.1 to 4.7.0.
pg_wait_sampling is upgraded from 1.1.3 to 1.1.4.
pg_hint_plan is upgraded from 1.3.7 to 1.4.
pglogical is upgraded from 2.4.1 to 2.4.2.

This rollout also introduces the following:

PostGIS GDAL driver support
LZ4 TOAST compression for PostgreSQL versions 14 and later

May 16, 2023

Feature

The Cloud SQL Proxy Operator is now generally available. To learn more about the Cloud SQL Proxy Operator, see About the Cloud SQL Proxy Operator.

April 15, 2023

Announcement

The changes listed in the March 29th release notes entry for PostgreSQL minor versions, extension versions, and plugin versions have been postponed.

April 06, 2023

Feature

Cascading Replicas is now generally available when migrating from external servers. You can now configure migrated replicas to have read replicas under them before promoting them to primary replica. To learn more, see External Server Cascading Replicas.

March 30, 2023

Feature

Support for me-central1 (Doha) region.

March 29, 2023

Feature

The rollout of the following PostgreSQL minor versions, extension versions, and plugin versions is currently underway:

Minor versions

10.21 is upgraded to 10.22.
11.16 is upgraded to 11.17.
12.11 is upgraded to 12.12.
13.7 is upgraded to 13.8.
14.4 is upgraded to 14.5.

Extension and plugin versions

plv8 is upgraded from 3.1.2 to 3.1.4.
wal2json is upgraded from 2.3 to 2.4.
pgTAP is upgraded from 1.1.0 to 1.2.0.
PostGIS is upgraded from 3.1.4 to 3.1.7.
pg_partman is upgraded from 4.5.1 to 4.7.0.
pg_wait_sampling is upgraded from 1.1.3 to 1.1.4.
pg_hint_plan is upgraded from 1.3.7 to 1.4.
pglogical is upgraded from 2.4.1 to 2.4.2.

The new maintenance version is [PostgreSQL version].R20230316.02_02. To learn how to check your maintenance version, see Self service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

March 23, 2023

Feature

Support for europe-west12 (Turin) region.

March 21, 2023

Feature

Smaller read replicas are now available for Cloud SQL. Read replicas no longer require the same or more CPUs and RAM than their primary instances.

February 28, 2023

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports the ability to get details for a Cloud SQL user for a database instance using the API or gcloud. To learn more about the new method, see Cloud SQL Admin API REST Resource.

February 24, 2023

Feature

The Cloud SQL Proxy Operator is now available in public preview. The Cloud SQL Proxy Operator is an open-source Kubernetes operator that automates connecting workloads in a GKE cluster to Cloud SQL databases. To learn more about the Cloud SQL Proxy Operator, see About the Cloud SQL Proxy Operator.

February 08, 2023

Feature

The Cloud SQL Auth proxy is a utility for ensuring secure connections to your Cloud SQL instances. The v2 release offers improvements in performance, stability, and telemetry. Among the new features, there's support for:

Metrics and tracing with Cloud Monitoring and Cloud Trace
Support for Prometheus
Service account impersonation
Separate Dialer functionality released as the Cloud SQL Go Connector
Configuration with environment variables
Fully POSIX-compliant flags

We recommend all customers upgrade to v2 and have released a migration guide. For more information, see Cloud SQL Auth proxy.

February 02, 2023

Feature

Cloud SQL supports the preview version of the Underprovisioned instance recommender. This service helps you avoid bottlenecks from high CPU and memory usage and minimize the likelihood of out-of-memory events. It gives you recommendations to resize your instances to a machine tier that better suits your workload.

January 18, 2023

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports viewing an audit log for an automated backup of an instance to verify whether the backup is completed successfully. You can also configure a log-based alert so that a user can be notified of the backup's status.

January 09, 2023

Feature

For new Cloud SQL instances that have point-in-time recovery enabled or for existing instances that enable point-in-time recovery, Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL now stores write-ahead logs in Google Cloud Storage.

Before this release, write-ahead logs, which are used to perform point-in-time recovery, were stored on disk. Now, logs are stored in Google Cloud Storage in the same region as the instances.

All other existing instances that have point-in-time recovery enabled will continue to have their logs stored on disk. The change to storing logs in Google Cloud Storage will be made available at a later time.

December 01, 2022

Announcement

The changes listed in the October 19th release notes entry for PostgreSQL minor versions, extension versions, and plugin versions have been postponed.

October 28, 2022

Change

The changes listed in the September 15 Release Notes entry for read replica maintenance have been postponed.

October 19, 2022

Feature

The rollout of the following PostgreSQL minor versions, extension versions, and plugin versions is currently underway:

Minor versions

10.21 is upgraded to 10.22.
11.16 is upgraded to 11.17.
12.11 is upgraded to 12.12.
13.7 is upgraded to 13.8.
14.4 is upgraded to 14.5.

Extension and plugin versions

plv8 is upgraded from 3.1.2 to 3.1.4.
wal2json is upgraded from 2.3 to 2.4.
pgTAP is upgraded from 1.1.0 to 1.2.0.
PostGIS is upgraded from 3.1.4 to 3.1.7.

In addition, this rollout introduces the following changes to collation support:

The C.UTF-8 collation is renamed to C.utf8. The original name is supported as an alias of the new name.
The following collations aren't supported anymore:
- as_IN.utf8
- az_AZ.utf8
- ca_ES.utf8@valencia
- eo.utf8
- ia
- iw_IL
- iw_IL.utf8
- pap_AN
- tt_RU.utf8
- tt_RU.utf8@iqtelif

The new maintenance version is [PostgreSQL version].R20221017.01_00. To learn how to check your maintenance version, see Self service maintenance. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

October 11, 2022

Feature

Cloud SQL supports the preview version of the high transaction ID utilization recommender that helps you avoid potential transaction ID wraparound for Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL instances.

October 05, 2022

Feature

Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL now supports the log_timezone and TimeZone flags. For more information, see the Configure database flags page.

September 21, 2022

Feature

Cloud SQL allows the re-use of an instance name immediately after the instance is deleted. For more information, see the Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL FAQ.

September 15, 2022

Feature

Cloud SQL read replicas now follow the maintenance settings for the primary instance, including the maintenance window, rescheduling, and the deny maintenance period. During the maintenance event, Cloud SQL maintains the replicas before maintaining the primary instance. For more information, see How does maintenance affect read replicas?

September 13, 2022

Feature

Support for me-west1 (Tel Aviv).

September 12, 2022

Feature

Cascading Replicas is now generally available for Cloud SQL. Customers can now configure PostgreSQL and MySQL for Cloud SQL read replicas to have read replicas under them.

August 26, 2022

Feature

The following extensions in Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL are generally available:

pgRouting. Enhances geospatial processing, through network routing and analysis, for PostGIS.
plv8. Provides a procedural language for enabling the use of JavaScript.
amcheck. Enables the use of the pg_amcheck application to check for corruption in PostgreSQL databases.

August 15, 2022

Feature

By enabling instance deletion protection, you can prevent the accidental removal of Cloud SQL instances. This functionality is generally available.

For more information, see Prevent deletion of an instance.

August 05, 2022

Feature

The new Cloud SQL System insights dashboard helps you detect and analyze system performance problems.

July 29, 2022

Change

For PostgreSQL versions 9.6 to 13, the [PostgreSQL version].R20220710.01_00 maintenance version caused a behavior change for configuration parameters: Session-level configuration parameters with dashes (-) cannot be set.

After you check your current maintenance version, you can apply a fix by performing a self-service maintenance update to the latest release.

Please use this table to find the name of the maintenance version to apply, and use that version or the latest version available:

PostgreSQL version	Maintenance version
PostgreSQL 9.6	POSTGRES_9_6_24.R20220710.01_02
PostgreSQL 10	POSTGRES_10_21.R20220710.01_02
PostgreSQL 11	POSTGRES_11_16.R20220710.01_02
PostgreSQL 12	POSTGRES_12_11.R20220710.01_02
PostgreSQL 13	POSTGRES_13_7.R20220710.01_02

After you have identified the name of the maintenance version, please upgrade to the target maintenance version, performing the corresponding update of your instances (to the latest maintenance version).

Note that newly created instances automatically use the latest version.

July 25, 2022

Feature

Added information about checking the LC_COLLATE value for your databases before performing a major version upgrade of the databases for your Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL instance. For more information, refer to the Cloud SQL documentation.

Feature

The following PostgreSQL minor versions and extension versions are now available:

14.3 is upgraded to 14.4.
13.6 is upgraded to 13.7.
12.10 is upgraded to 12.11.
11.15 is upgraded to 11.16.
10.20 is upgraded to 10.21.

If you use maintenance windows, then you might not yet have these versions. In this case, you'll see the new versions after your maintenance update occurs. To find your maintenance window or to manage maintenance updates, see Find and set maintenance windows.

July 11, 2022

Feature

You can enable high availability for read replicas. See Disaster recovery for additional information about the use of high-availability replicas in a disaster recovery configuration.

Feature

You can create external server replicas with HA enabled.

July 08, 2022

Feature

The July maintenance changelog is now available. For more information, use the links at Maintenance changelog.

June 28, 2022

Feature

A second June maintenance changelog is now available. For more information, use the links at Maintenance changelog.

The fix to the silent data corruption when using the CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY or REINDEX CONCURRENTLY SQL commands in PostgreSQL 14 (BUG #17485) is now available in the self-service maintenance release POSTGRES_14_2.R20220331.02_012 for PostgreSQL 14.2.

After applying the self service maintenance, you can fix any silent data corruption if it already happens using REINDEX CONCURRENTLY SQL command on the specific indexes, or reindexdb client command for your entire instance.

June 23, 2022

Feature

Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL now supports replication from an external server.

June 14, 2022

Feature

For enhanced security with built-in authentication, Cloud SQL now lets you set password policies at the instance level.

June 13, 2022

Feature

The following extensions in Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL are generally available:

pg_bigm. Enables full text search and allows a two-gram (bigram) index for faster full text search.
refint. Enables the checking of foreign key restraints, the referencing table, and the referenced table.
decoderbufs. A logical decoder that delivers output data as Protocol Buffers, adapted for Debezium.
pg_wait_sample. Collects sampling statistics of wait events, providing wait event data for processes on servers.

Additionally, users with the cloudsqlsuperuser role have full access to the pg_largeobject system catalog.

Feature

Cloud SQL enables you to access to the pg_shadow view. You can use the pg_shadow view to work with the properties of roles that are marked as rolcanlogin in the pg_authid catalog.

For more information, see Access to the pg_shadow view.

June 10, 2022

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports faster machine type changes, with connectivity dropping to less than 60 seconds. For more information, see Impact of changing instance settings.

June 09, 2022

Feature

The June maintenance changelog is now available. For more information, use the links at Maintenance changelog.

June 08, 2022

Feature

New maintenance versions are now available through self-service maintenance. See the maintenance changelog to learn more about these new maintenance versions.

Feature

An addendum to the May maintenance changelog shows additional security patches. For more information, use the links at Maintenance changelog.

June 07, 2022

Feature

Support for us-south1 (Dallas).

May 24, 2022

Feature

Support for us-east5 (Columbus).

May 04, 2022

Feature

Support for europe-west9 (Paris).

Feature

Support for europe-west9 (Paris).

May 02, 2022

Feature

New maintenance versions are now available through self-service maintenance. See the maintenance changelog to learn more about these new maintenance versions.

April 28, 2022

Feature

The following Cloud SQL recommenders that help you optimize your database costs are now generally available:

Idle database instance recommender: Identifies idle database instances in your project and provides recommendations about the savings that you can make by shutting them down.
Overprovisioned database instance recommender: Identifies overprovisioned database instances in your project and provides recommendations about the savings that you can make by rightsizing these instances.

April 25, 2022

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports maintenance changelogs. Maintenance changelogs provide information about updates available in new maintenance versions, such as database minor version upgrades and patches for security vulnerabilities. For links to current maintenance changelogs for each major database version, see Cloud SQL maintenance changelogs.

Feature

You can now accept a maintenance update on your instance outside of the normal flow of scheduled maintenance.

While Cloud SQL schedules maintenance updates once every few months to ensure you have the latest maintenance version, you might want to use self-service maintenance if:

You need an update sooner than your next scheduled maintenance event.
You want to catch up to the latest maintenance version after skipping your most recent scheduled maintenance event.
You want to gain more control over when maintenance is applied

April 20, 2022

Feature

Support for europe-west8 region (Milan).

April 12, 2022

Feature

Customer-managed encryption key (CMEK) organization policy constraints are now available in Preview.

constraints/gcp.restrictNonCmekServices allows you to control which resources require the use of CMEK.
constraints/gcp.restrictCmekCryptoKeyProjects allows you to control the projects from which a Cloud KMS key can be used to validate requests.

You can use both constraints together to enforce the use of CMEK from allowed projects.

To learn more, see Customer-managed encryption keys (CMEK) organization policies. To add CMEK organization policies now, see Add Cloud SQL organization policies.

April 11, 2022

Feature

Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL supports in-place major version upgrades in Preview. You can upgrade your instance's major version to a more recent version. For more information, see Upgrade the database major version in-place.

December 16, 2021

Feature

You can now see the database minor version when viewing information about an instance. See Database versions and version policies for a list of the latest supported versions.

December 09, 2021

Feature

Cloud SQL now limits the rate for backup and restore operations on the data disk. For more information, see Backup rate limitations and Restore rate limitations.

October 29, 2021

Feature

The following PostgreSQL minor versions and extension versions are now available. If you use maintenance windows, you might not yet have these versions. In this case, you will see the new versions after your maintenance update occurs. To find your maintenance window or manage maintenance updates, see Finding and setting maintenance windows.
- 9.6.22 is upgraded to 9.6.23.
- 10.17 is upgraded to 10.18.
- 11.12 is upgraded to 11.13.
- 12.7 is upgraded to 12.8.
- 13.3 is upgraded to 13.4.
The hll extension is upgraded to 2.16.
The pglogical extension is upgraded to 2.4.0.
The pg_partman extension is upgraded to 4.5.1.
The pg_repack extension is upgraded to 1.4.7.

August 27, 2021

Feature

Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL now supports the following flags:

huge_pages
shared_buffers
wal_buffers

For more information about these flags, see the Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL flags documentation.

June 17, 2021

Feature

Query Insights is now supported for read replicas.

March 24, 2021

Feature

Support for europe-central2 (Warsaw ).

January 13, 2021

Feature

Cloud SQL now exposes the metric database/memory/total_usage. This metric provides visibility into the database working set (including buffer cache). You can find this metric in the Metrics explorer within the Monitoring dashboard.

For more information about database/memory/total_usage, see Cloud SQL Metrics.

July 09, 2020

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports point-in-time recovery (PITR) for PostgreSQL. Point-in-time recovery helps you recover an instance to a specific point in time. For example, if an error causes a loss of data, you can recover a database to its state before the error occurred.

April 20, 2020

Feature

Support for us-west4 region (Las Vegas).

March 27, 2020

Feature

PostgreSQL version 10 is now generally available. To start using PostgreSQL 10, see Creating instances.

November 19, 2019

Feature

Cloud SQL now supports customer-managed encryption keys (CMEK). With CMEK, you can encrypt Cloud SQL instances using a key you manage. To learn more about CMEK, see the Overview of customer managed encryption keys (CMEK). To start using CMEK, see Using customer-managed encryption keys (CMEK).

June 25, 2019

Feature

This release increases the maximum data storage for instances of MySQL (MySQL Second Generation) and PostgreSQL. The maximum data storage is increased from 10,230 GB to 30,720 GB. For Cloud SQL storage limits, see Limits. You can limit your automatic storage increases; see Automatic storage increase limit.

April 18, 2019

Feature

Support for asia-northeast2 region (Osaka, Japan).

December 06, 2018

Feature

GA support for Private IP connectivity.

October 01, 2018

Feature

Support for asia-east2 region (Hong Kong).

July 01, 2018

Feature

Support for us-west2 region (Los Angeles).

June 01, 2018

Feature

Support for rotating SSL certificates.

March 01, 2018

Feature

Support for europe-west4 region (Netherlands).

January 01, 2018

Feature

Support for northamerica-northeast1 region (Montréal).

Change

Connection limits for PostgreSQL instances changed. Learn more.

October 01, 2017

Change

Proxy version 1.11 released.

September 01, 2017

Feature

Support for 64-core machine types for MySQL instances and 64 cores for PostgreSQL instances.

August 01, 2017

Feature

Support for europe-west3 region (Frankfurt).

June 01, 2017

Feature

Support for australia-southeast1 region (Sydney).

May 01, 2017

Feature

Support for us-east4 region (Northern Virginia).

April 01, 2017

Change

Proxy version 1.09 released.

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Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL release notes