## Translation LLM supported languages

Translations from any language to any language in this list are supported.
Languages supported by Translation LLM are also supported for
Adaptive Translation.

| Language name | Language code | Official Support | Experimental Support |
|---|---|---|---|
| Afrikaans | `af` | ✅ |   |
| Albanian | `sq` | ✅ |   |
| Amharic | `am` |   | ⚠️ Experimental support |
| Arabic (Saudi Arabia) | `ar-SA` | ✅ |   |
| Arabic | `ar` | ✅ |   |
| Armenian | `hy` |   | ⚠️ Experimental support |
| Azerbaijani | `az` | ✅ |   |
| Basque | `eu` |   | ⚠️ Experimental support |
| Belarusian | `be` | ✅ |   |
| Bengali (India) | `bn-IN` | ✅ |   |
| Bengali | `bn` | ✅ |   |
| Bosnian (Cyrillic) | `bs-Cyrl` | ✅ |   |
| Bosnian | `bs` | ✅ |   |
| Bulgarian | `bg` | ✅ |   |
| Burmese | `my` | ✅ |   |
| Catalan | `ca` | ✅ |   |
| Chinese (China) | `zh-CN` | ✅ |   |
| Chinese (Hong Kong) | `zh-HK` | ✅ |   |
| Chinese (Simplified) | `zh-Hans` | ✅ |   |
| Chinese (Taiwan) | `zh-TW` | ✅ |   |
| Chinese (Traditional) | `zh-Hant` | ✅ |   |
| Chinese | `zh` | ✅ |   |
| Croatian | `hr` | ✅ |   |
| Czech | `cs` | ✅ |   |
| Danish | `da` | ✅ |   |
| Dutch (Belgium) | `nl-BE` | ✅ |   |
| Dutch | `nl` | ✅ |   |
| English (Australia) | `en-AU` | ✅ |   |
| English (Canada) | `en-CA` | ✅ |   |
| English (New Zealand) | `en-NZ` | ✅ |   |
| English (Philippines) | `en-PH` | ✅ |   |
| English (South Africa) | `en-ZA` | ✅ |   |
| English (United Kingdom) | `en-GB` | ✅ |   |
| English (United States) | `en-US` | ✅ |   |
| English | `en` | ✅ |   |
| Estonian | `et` | ✅ |   |
| Filipino | `fil` | ✅ |   |
| Finnish | `fi` | ✅ |   |
| French (Canada) | `fr-CA` | ✅ |   |
| French (Switzerland) | `fr-CH` | ✅ |   |
| French | `fr` | ✅ |   |
| Frisian | `fy` | ✅ |   |
| Galician | `gl` | ✅ |   |
| Georgian | `ka` | ✅ |   |
| German | `de` | ✅ |   |
| Greek | `el` | ✅ |   |
| Guarani | `gn` | ✅ |   |
| Gujarati | `gu` | ✅ |   |
| Hausa | `ha` |   | ⚠️ Experimental support |
| Hebrew | `he` | ✅ |   |
| Hebrew | `iw` | ✅ |   |
| Hindi | `hi` | ✅ |   |
| Hungarian | `hu` | ✅ |   |
| Icelandic | `is` | ✅ |   |
| Igbo | `ig` |   | ⚠️ Experimental support |
| Indonesian | `id` | ✅ |   |
| Irish | `ga` |   | ⚠️ Experimental support |
| Italian | `it` | ✅ |   |
| Japanese | `ja` | ✅ |   |
| Kannada | `kn` | ✅ |   |
| Khmer | `km` | ✅ |   |
| Korean | `ko` | ✅ |   |
| Kyrgyz | `ky` | ✅ |   |
| Lao | `lo` | ✅ |   |
| Latvian | `lv` | ✅ |   |
| Lingala | `ln` | ✅ |   |
| Lithuanian | `lt` | ✅ |   |
| Luxembourgish | `lb` |   | ⚠️ Experimental support |
| Macedonian | `mk` | ✅ |   |
| Malay | `ms` | ✅ |   |
| Malayalam | `ml` | ✅ |   |
| Maltese | `mt` |   | ⚠️ Experimental support |
| Marathi | `mr` | ✅ |   |
| Mongolian | `mn` |   | ⚠️ Experimental support |
| Nepali | `ne` | ✅ |   |
| Norwegian Bokmal | `nb` | ✅ |   |
| Norwegian | `no` | ✅ |   |
| Odia | `or` |   | ⚠️ Experimental support |
| Persian | `fa` | ✅ |   |
| Polish | `pl` | ✅ |   |
| Portuguese (Brazil) | `pt-BR` | ✅ |   |
| Portuguese (Portugal) | `pt-PT` | ✅ |   |
| Portuguese | `pt` | ✅ |   |
| Punjabi (Pakistan) | `pa-PK` | ✅ |   |
| Punjabi | `pa` | ✅ |   |
| Romanian | `ro` | ✅ |   |
| Russian | `ru` | ✅ |   |
| Scots Gaelic | `gd` |   | ⚠️ Experimental support |
| Serbian | `sr` |   | ⚠️ Experimental support |
| Slovak | `sk` | ✅ |   |
| Slovenian | `sl` | ✅ |   |
| Somali | `so` |   | ⚠️ Experimental support |
| Spanish (Argentina) | `es-AR` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Chile) | `es-CL` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Colombia) | `es-CO` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Costa Rica) | `es-CR` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Ecuador) | `es-EC` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (El Salvador) | `es-SV` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Guatemala) | `es-GT` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Haiti) | `es-HT` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Honduras) | `es-HN` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Latin America) | `es-419` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Mexico) | `es-MX` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Nicaragua) | `es-NI` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Panama) | `es-PA` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Paraguay) | `es-PY` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Peru) | `es-PE` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Puerto Rico) | `es-PR` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Spain) | `es-ES` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (United States) | `es-US` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Uruguay) | `es-UY` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish (Venezuela) | `es-VE` | ✅ |   |
| Spanish | `es` | ✅ |   |
| Swahili | `sw` | ✅ |   |
| Swedish | `sv` | ✅ |   |
| Tagalog | `tl` | ✅ |   |
| Tajik | `tg` |   | ⚠️ Experimental support |
| Tamil | `ta` | ✅ |   |
| Telugu | `te` | ✅ |   |
| Thai | `th` | ✅ |   |
| Turkish | `tr` | ✅ |   |
| Ukrainian | `uk` | ✅ |   |
| Urdu | `ur` | ✅ |   |
| Uzbek | `uz` | ✅ |   |
| Vietnamese | `vi` | ✅ |   |
| Welsh | `cy` | ✅ |   |
| Zulu | `zu` | ✅ |   |

## Neural Machine Translation model

The Translation API's recognition engine supports a wide variety of languages
for the Neural Machine Translation (NMT) model.

These languages are specified within a recognition request using language code
parameters as noted on this page. Most language code parameters conform to
[ISO-639](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639)
identifiers, except where noted.

Translations from any language to any language in this list are supported.
[Romanization and transliteration](https://docs.cloud.google.com/translate/docs/languages#roman) are supported only on the
Cloud Translation - Advanced API. The list is updated as new languages are added. You
can also list the supported languages by using
[Cloud Translation - Basic](https://docs.cloud.google.com/translate/docs/list-supported-languages#list_basic)
or
[Cloud Translation - Advanced](https://docs.cloud.google.com/translate/docs/list-supported-languages#list_advanced)
APIs.


| Language | ISO-639 code |
|---|---|
| Abkhaz | `ab` |
| Acehnese | `ace` |
| Acholi | `ach` |
| Afrikaans | `af` |
| Albanian | `sq` |
| Alur | `alz` |
| Amharic | `am` |
| Arabic | `ar` |
| Armenian | `hy` |
| Assamese | `as` |
| Awadhi | `awa` |
| Aymara | `ay` |
| Azerbaijani | `az` |
| Balinese | `ban` |
| Bambara | `bm` |
| Bashkir | `ba` |
| Basque | `eu` |
| Batak Karo | `btx` |
| Batak Simalungun | `bts` |
| Batak Toba | `bbc` |
| Belarusian | `be` |
| Bemba | `bem` |
| Bengali | `bn` |
| Betawi | `bew` |
| Bhojpuri | `bho` |
| Bikol | `bik` |
| Bosnian | `bs` |
| Breton | `br` |
| Bulgarian | `bg` |
| Buryat | `bua` |
| Cantonese | `yue` |
| Catalan | `ca` |
| Cebuano | `ceb` |
| Chichewa (Nyanja) | `ny` |
| Chinese (Simplified) | `zh-CN` or `zh` ([BCP-47](https://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47)) |
| Chinese (Traditional) | `zh-TW` ([BCP-47](https://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47)) |
| Chuvash | `cv` |
| Corsican | `co` |
| Crimean Tatar | `crh` |
| Croatian | `hr` |
| Czech | `cs` |
| Danish | `da` |
| Dinka | `din` |
| Divehi | `dv` |
| Dogri | `doi` |
| Dombe | `dov` |
| Dutch | `nl` |
| Dzongkha | `dz` |
| English | `en` |
| Esperanto | `eo` |
| Estonian | `et` |
| Ewe | `ee` |
| Fijian | `fj` |
| Filipino (Tagalog) | `fil` or `tl` |
| Finnish | `fi` |
| French | `fr` |
| French (French) | `fr-FR` |
| French (Canadian) | `fr-CA` |
| Frisian | `fy` |
| Fulfulde | `ff` |
| Ga | `gaa` |
| Galician | `gl` |
| Ganda (Luganda) | `lg` |
| Georgian | `ka` |
| German | `de` |
| Greek | `el` |
| Guarani | `gn` |
| Gujarati | `gu` |
| Haitian Creole | `ht` |
| Hakha Chin | `cnh` |
| Hausa | `ha` |
| Hawaiian | `haw` |
| Hebrew | `iw` or `he` |
| Hiligaynon | `hil` |
| Hindi | `hi` |
| Hmong | `hmn` |
| Hungarian | `hu` |
| Hunsrik | `hrx` |
| Icelandic | `is` |
| Igbo | `ig` |
| Iloko | `ilo` |
| Indonesian | `id` |
| Irish | `ga` |
| Italian | `it` |
| Japanese | `ja` |
| Javanese | `jw` or `jv` |
| Kannada | `kn` |
| Kapampangan | `pam` |
| Kazakh | `kk` |
| Khmer | `km` |
| Kiga | `cgg` |
| Kinyarwanda | `rw` |
| Kituba | `ktu` |
| Konkani | `gom` |
| Korean | `ko` |
| Krio | `kri` |
| Kurdish (Kurmanji) | `ku` |
| Kurdish (Sorani) | `ckb` |
| Kyrgyz | `ky` |
| Lao | `lo` |
| Latgalian | `ltg` |
| Latin | `la` |
| Latvian | `lv` |
| Ligurian | `lij` |
| Limburgan | `li` |
| Lingala | `ln` |
| Lithuanian | `lt` |
| Lombard | `lmo` |
| Luo | `luo` |
| Luxembourgish | `lb` |
| Macedonian | `mk` |
| Maithili | `mai` |
| Makassar | `mak` |
| Malagasy | `mg` |
| Malay | `ms` |
| Malay (Jawi) | `ms-Arab` |
| Malayalam | `ml` |
| Maltese | `mt` |
| Maori | `mi` |
| Marathi | `mr` |
| Meadow Mari | `chm` |
| Meiteilon (Manipuri) | `mni-Mtei` |
| Minang | `min` |
| Mizo | `lus` |
| Mongolian | `mn` |
| Myanmar (Burmese) | `my` |
| Ndebele (South) | `nr` |
| Nepalbhasa (Newari) | `new` |
| Nepali | `ne` |
| Northern Sotho (Sepedi) | `nso` |
| Norwegian | `no` |
| Nuer | `nus` |
| Occitan | `oc` |
| Odia (Oriya) | `or` |
| Oromo | `om` |
| Pangasinan | `pag` |
| Papiamento | `pap` |
| Pashto | `ps` |
| Persian | `fa` |
| Polish | `pl` |
| Portuguese | `pt` |
| Portuguese (Portugal) | `pt-PT` |
| Portuguese (Brazil) | `pt-BR` |
| Punjabi | `pa` |
| Punjabi (Shahmukhi) | `pa-Arab` |
| Quechua | `qu` |
| Romani | `rom` |
| Romanian | `ro` |
| Rundi | `rn` |
| Russian | `ru` |
| Samoan | `sm` |
| Sango | `sg` |
| Sanskrit | `sa` |
| Scots Gaelic | `gd` |
| Serbian | `sr` |
| Sesotho | `st` |
| Seychellois Creole | `crs` |
| Shan | `shn` |
| Shona | `sn` |
| Sicilian | `scn` |
| Silesian | `szl` |
| Sindhi | `sd` |
| Sinhala (Sinhalese) | `si` |
| Slovak | `sk` |
| Slovenian | `sl` |
| Somali | `so` |
| Spanish | `es` |
| Sundanese | `su` |
| Swahili | `sw` |
| Swati | `ss` |
| Swedish | `sv` |
| Tajik | `tg` |
| Tamil | `ta` |
| Tatar | `tt` |
| Telugu | `te` |
| Tetum | `tet` |
| Thai | `th` |
| Tigrinya | `ti` |
| Tsonga | `ts` |
| Tswana | `tn` |
| Turkish | `tr` |
| Turkmen | `tk` |
| Twi (Akan) | `ak` |
| Ukrainian | `uk` |
| Urdu | `ur` |
| Uyghur | `ug` |
| Uzbek | `uz` |
| Vietnamese | `vi` |
| Welsh | `cy` |
| Xhosa | `xh` |
| Yiddish | `yi` |
| Yoruba | `yo` |
| Yucatec Maya | `yua` |
| Zulu | `zu` |

<br />

### Romanization and transliteration support

> [!WARNING]
>
> **Preview**
>
>
> This feature is
>
> subject to the "Pre-GA Offerings Terms" in the General Service Terms section of the
> [Service Specific
> Terms](https://docs.cloud.google.com/terms/service-terms#1).
>
> Pre-GA features are available "as is" and might have limited support.
>
> For more information, see the
> [launch stage descriptions](https://cloud.google.com/products/#product-launch-stages).

[Romanization](https://docs.cloud.google.com/translate/docs/advanced/romanize-text) and
[transliteration](https://docs.cloud.google.com/translate/docs/translate-text#transliteration)
support the following languages.

| Language | ISO-639 code | Romanization | Transliteration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arabic | `ar` | Yes | Yes |
| Amharic | `am` | Yes | No |
| Bengali | `bn` | Yes | Yes |
| Belarusian | `be` | Yes | No |
| Gujarati | `gu` | No | Yes |
| Hindi | `hi` | Yes | Yes |
| Japanese | `ja` | Yes | Yes |
| Kannada | `kn` | No | Yes |
| Myanmar | `my` | Yes | No |
| Russian | `ru` | Yes | Yes |
| Serbian | `sr` | Yes | No |
| Tamil | `ta` | No | Yes |
| Telugu | `te` | No | Yes |
| Ukrainian | `uk` | Yes | No |

## Custom models

For Cloud Translation - Advanced, AutoML Translation supports the
following language pairs for custom models. A supported language means that
Google has an existing Neural Machine Translation (NMT) model for that language,
which AutoML Translation uses as a base to create a custom model during
training.

> [!NOTE]
> **Note:** Same language translation---from en-US to en-GB, for example---is not supported.

| Language Pair | Language Codes |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans \<-\> English | `af` \<-\> `en` |
| Albanian \<-\> English | `sq` \<-\> `en` |
| Arabic \<-\> English | `ar` \<-\> `en` |
| Azerbaijani \<-\> English | `az` \<-\> `en` |
| Bengali \<-\> English | `bn` \<-\> `en` |
| Bulgarian \<-\> English | `bg` \<-\> `en` |
| Catalan \<-\> English | `ca` \<-\> `en` |
| Chinese (Simplified) \<-\> English | `zh-CN` \* \<-\> `en` |
| Chinese (Traditional) \<-\> English | `zh-TW` \<-\> `en` |
| Croatian \<-\> English | `hr` \<-\> `en` |
| Czech \<-\> English | `cs` \<-\> `en` |
| Danish \<-\> English | `da` \<-\> `en` |
| Dutch \<-\> English | `nl` \<-\> `en` |
| Estonian \<-\> English | `et` \<-\> `en` |
| Finnish \<-\> English | `fi` \<-\> `en` |
| French \<-\> English | `fr` \<-\> `en` |
| Galician \<-\> English | `gl` \<-\> `en` |
| Georgian \<-\> English | `ka` \<-\> `en` |
| German \<-\> English | `de` \<-\> `en` |
| Greek \<-\> English | `el` \<-\> `en` |
| Gujarati \<-\> English | `gu` \<-\> `en` |
| Haitian Creole \<-\> English | `ht` \<-\> `en` |
| Hebrew \<-\> English | `iw` \<-\> `en` |
| Hindi \<-\> English | `hi` \<-\> `en` |
| Hungarian \<-\> English | `hu` \<-\> `en` |
| Icelandic \<-\> English | `is` \<-\> `en` |
| Indonesian \<-\> English | `id` \<-\> `en` |
| Italian \<-\> English | `it` \<-\> `en` |
| Japanese \<-\> English | `ja` \<-\> `en` |
| Korean \<-\> English | `ko` \<-\> `en` |
| Latvian \<-\> English | `lv` \<-\> `en` |
| Lithuanian \<-\> English | `lt` \<-\> `en` |
| Malay \<-\> English | `ms` \<-\> `en` |
| Marathi \<-\> English | `mr` \<-\> `en` |
| Norwegian \<-\> English | `no` \<-\> `en` |
| Persian \<-\> English | `fa` \<-\> `en` |
| Polish \<-\> English | `pl` \<-\> `en` |
| Portuguese \<-\> English | `pt` \<-\> `en` |
| Punjabi \<-\> English | `pa` \<-\> `en` |
| Romanian \<-\> English | `ro` \<-\> `en` |
| Russian \<-\> English | `ru` \<-\> `en` |
| Serbian \<-\> English | `sr` \<-\> `en` |
| Slovak \<-\> English | `sk` \<-\> `en` |
| Slovenian \<-\> English | `sl` \<-\> `en` |
| Spanish \<-\> English | `es` \<-\> `en` |
| Swahili \<-\> English | `sw` \<-\> `en` |
| Swedish \<-\> English | `sv` \<-\> `en` |
| Thai \<-\> English | `th` \<-\> `en` |
| Turkish \<-\> English | `tr` \<-\> `en` |
| Ukrainian \<-\> English | `uk` \<-\> `en` |
| Urdu \<-\> English | `ur` \<-\> `en` |
| Vietnamese \<-\> English | `vi` \<-\> `en` |
| Welsh \<-\> English | `cy` \<-\> `en` |

\* Simplified Chinese can be specified either by `zh-CN` or `zh`.

### Supported codes for language variants

The following language codes are variants of the supported languages in the
previous table. You can use these codes as the source or target language when
you create datasets.

Google doesn't have base NMT models for these languages. Instead,
Cloud Translation uses the language variant's associated base model for training
custom models.

These codes are useful, for example, when you translate content for a particular
dialect or region. For example, suppose you have localized data for `zh-HK` that
you create a custom model for. When you perform translations, you can specify
the `zh-HK` language code, which points to your custom model and produces more
accurate translations for that locale.

The following table lists the language codes, their descriptions, and their
associated base models that Cloud Translation uses when training custom
models.

| Language code | Description | Base model |
|---|---|---|
| `zh-HK` | Hong Kong (Traditional) | `zh-TW` |