This page describes how to view and implement recommendations about configuring
instance settings to enforce SSL/TLS encryption requirements for direct connections. Encryption helps ensure secure data transfer. This [recommender](https://docs.cloud.google.com/recommender/docs/overview) is called **Require SSL**.

Every day, this recommender proactively detects instances that don't
enforce encryption requirements for direct connections and provides insights and recommendations to improve
your instance security. You can view insights and detailed recommendations about
these instances by using the Google Cloud console, [gcloud CLI](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud.md.txt), or the
[Recommender API](https://docs.cloud.google.com/recommender/docs/using-api).

## Before you begin

Ensure that you [enable the Recommender API](https://docs.cloud.google.com/recommender/docs/enabling).

### Required roles and permissions

To get the permissions to view and work with insights and recommendations,
ensure that you have the required [Identity and Access Management (IAM) roles](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/sqlserver/project-access-control#roles).

| Tasks | Roles |
|---|---|
| View recommendations | `recommender.cloudsqlViewer` or `cloudsql.admin`. |
| Apply recommendations | `cloudsql.editor` or `cloudsql.admin`. |

For more information about IAM roles, see [IAM basic and predefined roles reference](https://docs.cloud.google.com/iam/docs/understanding-roles) and [Manage access to projects, folders, and organizations](https://docs.cloud.google.com/iam/docs/granting-changing-revoking-access.md.txt).

<br />

## List the recommendations

To list the recommendations, follow these steps:

### Console

To list recommendations about instance security, follow these steps:

1. Go to the **Cloud SQL Instances** page.

   [Go to Cloud SQL Instances](https://console.cloud.google.com/sql/instances)
2. View the **Issues** column in the instance table.

Alternatively, follow these steps:

1. Go to the **Active Assist**.

   [Go to the Active Assist](https://console.cloud.google.com/home/recommendations/)

   For more information, see [Exploring recommendations](https://docs.cloud.google.com/recommender/docs/recommendation-hub/identify-configuration-problems).
2. In the **All recommendations** card, click **Security**.

### gcloud

Run the [`gcloud recommender recommendations list`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/recommender/recommendations/list) command as follows:

```
gcloud recommender recommendations list \
--project=PROJECT_ID \
--location=LOCATION \
--recommender=google.cloudsql.instance.SecurityRecommender \
--filter=recommenderSubtype=REQUIRE_SSL
```

Replace the following:

- <var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>: Your project ID.
- <var translate="no">LOCATION</var>: A region where your instances are located, such as us-central1.

### API

Call the [`recommendations.list`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/recommender/docs/reference/rest/v1beta1/projects.locations.recommenders.recommendations/list.md.txt) method as follows:

```
GET https://recommender.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/recommenders/google.cloudsql.instance.SecurityRecommender/recommendations?filter=recommenderSubtype=REQUIRE_SSL
```

Replace the following:

- <var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>: Your project ID.
- <var translate="no">LOCATION</var>: A region where your instances are located, such as `us-central1`.

## View insights and detailed recommendations

To view insights and detailed recommendations, follow these steps:

### Console

After listing the recommendations, click a recommendation.
The recommendation panel appears, which contains insights and detailed recommendations.

### gcloud

Run the [`gcloud recommender insights list`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/recommender/insights/list) command as follows:

```
gcloud recommender insights list \
--project=PROJECT_ID \
--location=LOCATION \
--insight-type=google.cloudsql.instance.SecurityInsight \
--filter=insightSubtype=SSL_NOT_REQUIRED

```

Replace the following:

- <var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>: Your project ID.
- <var translate="no">LOCATION</var> : A region where your instances are located, such as `us-central1`.

### API

Call the [`insights.list`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/recommender/docs/reference/rest/v1beta1/projects.locations.insightTypes.insights/list.md.txt) method as follows:

```
GET https://recommender.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/insightTypes/google.cloudsql.instance.SecurityInsight/insights?filter=insightSubtype=SSL_NOT_REQUIRED

```

Replace the following:

- <var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>: Your project ID.
- <var translate="no">LOCATION</var>: A region where your instances are located, such as `us-central1`.

## Apply the recommendation

### Console

To implement the recommendation, click **Manage SSL encryption** and [enforce SSL/TLS encryption](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/sqlserver/configure-ssl-instance.md.txt#enforcing-ssl)
on your instance.

### gcloud

To implement the recommendation, [enforce SSL/TLS encryption](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/sqlserver/configure-ssl-instance.md.txt#enforcing-ssl)
on your instance.

### API

To implement the recommendation, [enforce SSL/TLS encryption](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/sqlserver/configure-ssl-instance.md.txt#enforcing-ssl)
on your instance.

## What's next

- [Enforce SSL/TLS encryption](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/sqlserver/configure-ssl-instance.md.txt#enforcing-ssl)
- [Google Cloud recommenders](https://docs.cloud.google.com/recommender/docs/recommenders.md.txt)
- [Blog: Maximize your Cloud ROI](https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/management-tools/active-assist-comes-to-google-cloud)