- About
  - [What is Cloud SQL?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#whatissql)
  - [What are the benefits of using Cloud SQL?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#benefits)
  - [Which database versions are available with Cloud SQL?
    How are updates managed?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq#version)
  - [Does Cloud SQL support all database features?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#supportmysqlfeatures)
  - [Are there any size or QPS limits?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#sizeqps)
  - [How can I be notified when there are any changes to Cloud SQL?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#notifiedofchanges)
  - [How do I report a bug, request a feature, or ask a question?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#requestfeature)
- Getting Started
  - [Why does my new instance with no data show disk space used?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#empty)
- Data Storage, Replication, and Authentication
  - [Where is my data stored?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#data_location)
  - [Should I use solid-state drives (SSD) or
    hard disk drives (HDD) for storage?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/choosing-ssd-hdd)
  - [What is a zone?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#what_is_a_zone)
  - [What are the limits on storage?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#storage_limits)
  - [How is my data replicated?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#replication)
  - [How does Cloud SQL failover work?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#failover)
  - [Is my data encrypted?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#encryption)
  - [How is encryption managed for data at rest?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#encryption-manage-rest)
  - [How is encryption managed for data in transit?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#encryption-manage-transit)
  - [What kind of read replicas can I create?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#rr_kinds)
- Data Migration
  - [How are data and constraints migrated into Cloud SQL?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#data-migration)

  <!-- -->

  - [How can I migrate my data faster?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#data-migrate-faster)
- Backup and Recovery
  - [How do I recover an instance?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#backups_how)
  - [How much do backups cost?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#backups_cost)
  - [Can I access automated backups older than seven days?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#backups_access)
  - [When do I use external versus cross-region replication for
    region failure protection?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq#crr-dr)
- Managing Your Instances
  - [Which actions cause Cloud SQL instances to restart?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#restart)
  - [How long are instances shut down during restart?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#shutdown)
  - [Can I make my database larger or smaller?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#changetiers)
  - [Can I upgrade and downgrade vCPUs?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#vcpus)
  - [Do I need to use the Google Cloud console to manage Cloud SQL?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#apisconsole)
  - [How can I reclaim the space used by temporary files?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#reclaimingspacetemp)
  - [Can I import or export a specific database?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#importexportdatabases)
  - [Can I import or export a CSV file?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#importexportcsvfile)
  - [Do I need a Cloud Storage account to import or export data from an instance?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#googlestorage)
  - [If I delete my instance, can I reuse the instance name?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#reuse)
  - [What is the cloudsqladmin database user?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#adminuser)
  - [What level of transaction isolation does Cloud SQL
    provide?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq#transaction-isolation)
  - [How can I protect my instance from accidental deletion?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#instance-protection)
- Insights
  - [Why can't I find the sample query plan in Insights?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#insights-query-plan)
- Pricing and Billing
  - [How can I try out Cloud SQL?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#can_I_try)
  - [How many instances can I create in a project?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#number_instances)
  - [What size database instance do I need? How much RAM?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#what_size_database)
  - [How is use of my instance calculated?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#how_usage_calculated)
  - [How is storage calculated?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#how_storage_calculated)
  - [How can I see how much I will be charged?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#how_much)
  - [What happens when my instance reaches the allowed size?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#reaches_max_size)
  - [Why is my instance suspended?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#why_suspended)
  - [Why was my instance deleted?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#why_deleted)
  - [How can I cancel my Cloud SQL account?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#cancelsqlaccount)
  - [How do I disable billing?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#disable_billing)
- Using Cloud SQL with App Engine
  - [Can I connect from App Engine to a PostgreSQL instance?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#gaeconnect-pg)
  - [Can my App Engine application in the US access my Cloud SQL
    instance in the EU (and the other way around)?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq#location)
  - [Which Google Cloud database service is right for me?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#choice)
  - [Do I need to install a local database server to use the App Engine Development Server?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#installmysql)
  - [What languages can I use to access my instance?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#languages)
  - [Can I use Django with Cloud SQL?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#django)
  - [Which placeholders can I use in my Python query string?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#formatcode)
  - [How do I manage connections?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#connections)
  - [What does a SQLException with message of "Invalid connection ID" mean?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#invalidconnectioniderror)
  - [Can I access my Cloud SQL instance programmatically outside of App Engine?](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#externaldev)

## About

What is Cloud SQL?
:   Cloud SQL is a service that delivers fully managed SQL databases in the cloud.
    Cloud SQL provides PostgreSQL, SQL Server, and MySQL databases.

What are the benefits of using Cloud SQL?
:   Cloud SQL lets you hand
    off to Google the mundane, but necessary and often time consuming tasks --- like applying patches and
    updates, managing backups and configuring replications --- so you can put your focus on building great
    applications. And because we use standard wire protocols, you can connect from just about any
    application, anywhere.

Which database versions are available with Cloud SQL? How are updates managed?
:

:   Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL supports PostgreSQL 9.6, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
    and 18 (default).

    Minor version updates are deployed as part of scheduled maintenance, with no further action
    required on your part. For more information about updates, see
    [Overview of maintenance on Cloud SQL instances](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/maintenance.md.txt).

    To see the current version of your instance, go to the
    [Google Cloud console](https://console.cloud.google.com/), click the instance name to open the
    **Instance details** page. Or, you can use the `gcloud sql instances describe`
    command.

Does Cloud SQL support all database features?
:
    Cloud SQL supports most common features of PostgreSQL. For a list of all differences between
    standard PostgreSQL and the functionality Cloud SQL provides, see
    [Differences between Cloud SQL and standard
    PostgreSQL functionality](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/features#differences-pg).

Are there any size or QPS limits?
:   There are no queries per second (QPS) limits for Cloud SQL instances. For information about
    connection, size, and App Engine-specific limits, see
    [Quotas and Limits](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/quotas.md.txt).

How can I be notified when there are any changes to Cloud SQL?
:   You can subscribe to the
    [RSS feed](https://docs.cloud.google.com/static/feeds/cloud-sql-postgres-release-notes.xml) for the
    [PostgreSQL Release Notes](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/release-notes.md.txt) page.

How do I report a bug, request a feature, or ask a question?

:   You can ask questions in a Google Cloud Developer Program Community forum. For more
    information, see the following discussion forums for Cloud SQL:

    - [Cloud SQL for MySQL discussions](https://discuss.google.dev/tag/cloud-sql-for-mysql)
    - [Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL discussions](https://discuss.google.dev/tag/cloud-sql-for-postgres)
    - [Cloud SQL for SQL Server discussions](https://discuss.google.dev/tag/cloud-sql-for-sql-server)

    To view general Google Cloud status, you can visit the
    [Google Cloud Status Tracker](https://status.cloud.google.com).

    If you have a reproducible Cloud SQL bug or want to request a new feature, please visit our
    [issue tracker](https://docs.cloud.google.com/support/docs/issue-trackers.md.txt).
[Back to top](https://docs.cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/faq.md.txt#top)

## Getting Started

Why does my new instance with no data show disk space used?
:   Cloud SQL and the database both use some space for system files and metadata when
    your instance is created.